{"id":1111646,"date":"2025-01-08T17:31:13","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:31:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1111646.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:31:15","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:31:15","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e6%96%b0%e7%9a%84%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1111646.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong> \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 threading<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u5bfc\u5165threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5bfc\u5165threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165Python\u7684threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import threading<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ebf\u7a0b\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5305\u542b\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def thread_function(name):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Thread {name}: starting")<\/p>\n
    # \u6a21\u62df\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(2)<\/p>\n
    print(f"Thread {name}: finishing")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528threading.Thread<\/code>\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
thread = threading.Thread(target=thread_function, args=(1,))<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684start()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002start()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5b89\u6392\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
thread.start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528join()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u3002join()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
thread.join()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import threading<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
def thread_function(name):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Thread {name}: starting")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(2)<\/p>\n
    print(f"Thread {name}: finishing")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__mAI<\/a>n__":<\/p>\n
    print("Main    : before creating thread")<\/p>\n
    thread = threading.Thread(target=thread_function, args=(1,))<\/p>\n
    print("Main    : before running thread")<\/p>\n
    thread.start()<\/p>\n
    print("Main    : wait for the thread to finish")<\/p>\n
    thread.join()<\/p>\n
    print("Main    : all done")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5141\u8bb8\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/strong> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7b49\u5f85I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u6b7b\u9501\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89<\/strong>\u662f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\uff08Lock\uff09\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff08Semaphore\uff09\u7b49\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9501\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
lock = threading.Lock()<\/p>\n
def thread_SAFe<\/a>_function(name):<\/p>\n
    with lock:<\/p>\n
        print(f"Thread {name}: starting")<\/p>\n
        time.sleep(2)<\/p>\n
        print(f"Thread {name}: finishing")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002concurrent.futures<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor<\/p>\n
def thread_task(name):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Thread {name}: starting")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(2)<\/p>\n
    print(f"Thread {name}: finishing")<\/p>\n
with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=3) as executor:<\/p>\n
    for i in range(5):<\/p>\n
        executor.submit(thread_task, i)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5168\u5c40\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9501\uff08GIL\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u9501\uff08GIL\uff09<\/strong>\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884cPython\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9CPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u884c\u6267\u884c\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u3002\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08multiprocessing\u6a21\u5757\uff09\u4ee3\u66ff\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7GIL\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002multiprocessing<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ethreading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from multiprocessing import Process<\/p>\n
def process_task(name):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Process {name}: starting")<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(2)<\/p>\n
    print(f"Process {name}: finishing")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
    process = Process(target=process_task, args=(1,))<\/p>\n
    process.start()<\/p>\n
    process.join()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6548\u7387\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e5f\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ade\u4e89\u7b49\u6311\u6218\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u52a0\u5065\u58ee\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed5\u8fc7GIL\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\uff09\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528threading<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efaThread<\/code>\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5e76\u4f20\u5165\u76ee\u6807\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528start()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
import threading\n\ndef my_function():\n    print("\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b")\n\nnew_thread = threading.Thread(target=my_function)\nnew_thread.start()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u4e0d\u963b\u585e\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
Python\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406CPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fd8\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Lock<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u9501\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u524d\u83b7\u5f97\u9501\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u9501\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
lock = threading.Lock()\n\ndef thread_safe_function():\n    with lock:\n        # \u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002 \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 threading \u6a21\u5757\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1111651,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111646"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1111646"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1111652,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1111646\/revisions\/1111652"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1111651"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1111646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1111646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1111646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}