{"id":1113060,"date":"2025-01-08T17:44:15","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:44:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1113060.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:44:32","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:44:32","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e6%96%b9%e5%8c%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1113060.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25074813\/4a5cb8b2-604a-4c71-8724-008832902a92.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>Python \u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/strong> \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u800c\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002Python\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\u5305<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u540d\u4e3arequests\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install requests<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u4ecePython\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\uff08PyPI\uff09\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5305\u540d\u540e\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install requests==2.25.1<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5168\u5c40Python\u73af\u5883\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>python -m venv myenv<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff1a\n<pre><code>myenv\\Scripts\\activate<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5728macOS\u548cLinux\u4e0a\uff1a\n<pre><code>source myenv\/bin\/activate<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u5c06\u4ec5\u5728\u8be5\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5b83\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528import\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528from &#8230; import &#8230;\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from requests import get<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ee5requests\u5305\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5305\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(&#39;https:\/\/api.example.com\/data&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.status_code)  # \u8f93\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/p>\n<p>print(response.text)  # \u8f93\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>payload = {&#39;key1&#39;: &#39;value1&#39;, &#39;key2&#39;: &#39;value2&#39;}<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.post(&#39;https:\/\/api.example.com\/post&#39;, data=payload)<\/p>\n<p>print(response.status_code)  # \u8f93\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/p>\n<p>print(response.json())  # \u8f93\u51faJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u7528\u9014<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001NumPy<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>NumPy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5NumPy\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install numpy<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528NumPy\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import numpy as np<\/p>\n<p>a = np.array([1, 2, 3])<\/p>\n<p>b = np.array([4, 5, 6])<\/p>\n<p>print(a + b)  # \u8f93\u51fa [5 7 9]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001Pandas<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86DataFrame\u548cSeries\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5Pandas\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install pandas<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pandas as pd<\/p>\n<p>data = {&#39;Name&#39;: [&#39;John&#39;, &#39;Anna&#39;, &#39;Peter&#39;], &#39;Age&#39;: [28, 24, 35]}<\/p>\n<p>df = pd.DataFrame(data)<\/p>\n<p>print(df)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3\u3001Matplotlib<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Matplotlib\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u5f62\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5Matplotlib\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install matplotlib<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Matplotlib\u7ed8\u5236\u56fe\u5f62\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import matplotlib.pyplot as plt<\/p>\n<p>x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n<p>y = [10, 20, 25, 30, 40]<\/p>\n<p>plt.plot(x, y)<\/p>\n<p>plt.xlabel(&#39;X-axis&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>plt.ylabel(&#39;Y-axis&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>plt.title(&#39;Sample Plot&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>plt.show()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4\u3001Scikit-Learn<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Scikit-Learn\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/59192.html\" target=\"_blank\">\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/a>\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u56de\u5f52\u548c\u805a\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5Scikit-Learn\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install scikit-learn<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Scikit-Learn\u8fdb\u884c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from sklearn.datasets import load_iris<\/p>\n<p>from sklearn.model_selection import tr<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>n_test_split<\/p>\n<p>from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier<\/p>\n<p>from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>iris = load_iris()<\/p>\n<p>X = iris.data<\/p>\n<p>y = iris.target<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5212\u5206\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>clf = RandomForestClassifier()<\/p>\n<p>clf.fit(X_train, y_train)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>y_pred = clf.predict(X_test)<\/p>\n<p>print(accuracy_score(y_test, y_pred))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Git\uff09\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u521b\u5efarequirements.txt<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528pip freeze\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u9879\u76ee\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip freeze &gt; requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5b89\u88c5requirements.txt\u4e2d\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528pip install -r\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636erequirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Git\u8fdb\u884c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6027\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u4fbf\u5229\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Git\u64cd\u4f5c\u5305\u62ec\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ed3\u5e93\u3001\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5206\u652f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521d\u59cb\u5316Git\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>git init<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u6682\u5b58\u533a\u5e76\u63d0\u4ea4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>git add .<\/p>\n<p>git commit -m &quot;Initial commit&quot;<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5207\u6362\u5206\u652f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>git branch new-feature<\/p>\n<p>git checkout new-feature<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982pdb\u548cIDE\u5185\u7f6e\u8c03\u8bd5\u5668\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\u3001\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528pdb\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import pdb<\/p>\n<p>def add(a, b):<\/p>\n<p>    pdb.set_trace()  # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>    return a + b<\/p>\n<p>result = add(2, 3)<\/p>\n<p>print(result)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u5217\u8868\u751f\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u672a\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>squares = []<\/p>\n<p>for i in range(10):<\/p>\n<p>    squares.append(i2)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>squares = [i2 for i in range(10)]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u672a\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>squares = [i2 for i in range(1000000)]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>squares = (i2 for i in range(1000000))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e03\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u5305\u542bPython\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u5230\u5176\u4ed6Python\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982mymodule.py\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># mymodule.py<\/p>\n<p>def add(a, b):<\/p>\n<p>    return a + b<\/p>\n<p>def subtract(a, b):<\/p>\n<p>    return a - b<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5176\u4ed6Python\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># main.py<\/p>\n<p>import mymodule<\/p>\n<p>result1 = mymodule.add(2, 3)<\/p>\n<p>result2 = mymodule.subtract(5, 2)<\/p>\n<p>print(result1)  # \u8f93\u51fa 5<\/p>\n<p>print(result2)  # \u8f93\u51fa 3<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528from &#8230; import &#8230;\u8bed\u6cd5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># main.py<\/p>\n<p>from mymodule import add<\/p>\n<p>result = add(2, 3)<\/p>\n<p>print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 5<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516b\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86unittest\u6a21\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982test_mymodule.py\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># test_mymodule.py<\/p>\n<p>import unittest<\/p>\n<p>import mymodule<\/p>\n<p>class TestMyModule(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n<p>    def test_add(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(mymodule.add(2, 3), 5)<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(mymodule.add(-1, 1), 0)<\/p>\n<p>    def test_subtract(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(mymodule.subtract(5, 2), 3)<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(mymodule.subtract(2, 5), -3)<\/p>\n<p>if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>python test_mymodule.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u663e\u793aOK\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u663e\u793a\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e5d\u3001\u6587\u6863\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f16\u5199\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u6587\u6863\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u6863\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08docstring\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e09\u91cd\u5f15\u53f7\uff08&quot;&quot;&quot;\u6216&#39;&#39;&#39;\uff09\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f16\u5199\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def add(a, b):<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;&quot;&quot;<\/p>\n<p>    \u8fd4\u56de\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>    \u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>    a -- \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570<\/p>\n<p>    b -- \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6570<\/p>\n<p>    \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>    \u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u548c<\/p>\n<p>    &quot;&quot;&quot;<\/p>\n<p>    return a + b<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6ce8\u91ca\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u884c\u7684\u4e0a\u65b9\u6216\u53f3\u4fa7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528#\u7b26\u53f7\u5f00\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f16\u5199\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u548c<\/p>\n<p>result = add(2, 3)<\/p>\n<p>print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 5<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Sphinx\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6587\u6863\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u5341\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u90e8\u7f72<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff08CI\uff09\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72\uff08CD\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/devops\/52691.html\" target=\"_blank\">CI\/CD<\/a>\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ecGitHub Actions\u3001Travis CI\u548cJenkins\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528GitHub Actions\u914d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa.github\/workflows\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982ci.yml\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-yaml\"># .github\/workflows\/ci.yml<\/p>\n<p>name: CI<\/p>\n<p>on: [push, pull_request]<\/p>\n<p>jobs:<\/p>\n<p>  build:<\/p>\n<p>    runs-on: ubuntu-latest<\/p>\n<p>    steps:<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Checkout code<\/p>\n<p>      uses: actions\/checkout@v2<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Set up Python<\/p>\n<p>      uses: actions\/setup-python@v2<\/p>\n<p>      with:<\/p>\n<p>        python-version: &#39;3.8&#39;<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Install dependencies<\/p>\n<p>      run: |<\/p>\n<p>        python -m pip install --upgrade pip<\/p>\n<p>        pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Run tests<\/p>\n<p>      run: |<\/p>\n<p>        python -m unittest discover<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528GitHub Actions\u914d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa.github\/workflows\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u90e8\u7f72\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982deploy.yml\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-yaml\"># .github\/workflows\/deploy.yml<\/p>\n<p>name: Deploy<\/p>\n<p>on:<\/p>\n<p>  push:<\/p>\n<p>    branches:<\/p>\n<p>      - main<\/p>\n<p>jobs:<\/p>\n<p>  deploy:<\/p>\n<p>    runs-on: ubuntu-latest<\/p>\n<p>    steps:<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Checkout code<\/p>\n<p>      uses: actions\/checkout@v2<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Set up Python<\/p>\n<p>      uses: actions\/setup-python@v2<\/p>\n<p>      with:<\/p>\n<p>        python-version: &#39;3.8&#39;<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Install dependencies<\/p>\n<p>      run: |<\/p>\n<p>        python -m pip install --upgrade pip<\/p>\n<p>        pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p>    - name: Deploy application<\/p>\n<p>      run: |<\/p>\n<p>        # \u90e8\u7f72\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>        echo &quot;Deploying application...&quot;<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eCI\/CD\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u63a8\u9001\u6216\u5408\u5e76\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6587\u6863\u548c\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165<code>pip install \u5305\u540d<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5305\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u60f3\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u5165<code>pip install requests<\/code>\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u7684Python\u548cpip\u7248\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip list<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u60a8\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip freeze<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u4ee5\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u60a8\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>import \u5305\u540d<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5199<code>import requests<\/code>\u3002\u5bfc\u5165\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u7b49\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u6b63\u786e\u8c03\u7528\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python \u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3001\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165\u5305\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4f7f [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1113094,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1113060"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1113060"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1113060\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1113096,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1113060\/revisions\/1113096"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1113094"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1113060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1113060"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1113060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}