{"id":1113852,"date":"2025-01-08T17:51:51","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:51:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1113852.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:51:53","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:51:53","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8python%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e5%9b%be%e5%83%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1113852.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528python\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528python\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\"<\/p>\n

\u5229\u7528Python\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528PIL\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u5e93\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u5229\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528PIL\uff08Python Imaging Library\uff09\u548cOpenCV\uff08Open Source Computer Vision Library\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PIL\u5e93\u521b\u5efa\u56fe\u50cf<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

PIL\u5e93\uff0c\u5373Python Imaging Library\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u867d\u7136PIL\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u5e93Pillow\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Pillow<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Pillow\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pillow<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u521b\u5efa\u56fe\u50cf\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from PIL import Image<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0cRGB\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a100x100\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u767d\u8272<\/strong><\/h2>\n
image = Image.new('RGB', (100, 100), color='white')<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
image.save('example_image.png')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u50cf\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0a\u7ed8\u5236\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0cRGB\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a200x200\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u767d\u8272<\/strong><\/h2>\n
image = Image.new('RGB', (200, 200), color='white')<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed8\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)<\/p>\n
\u7ed8\u5236\u77e9\u5f62<\/strong><\/h2>\n
draw.rectangle([(50, 50), (150, 150)], outline='black', width=5)<\/p>\n
\u7ed8\u5236\u6587\u672c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
font = ImageFont.load_default()<\/p>\n
draw.text((60, 160), 'Hello, PIL!', font=font, fill='black')<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
image.save('example_image_with_elements.png')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001OpenCV\u5e93\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
OpenCV\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u6765\u751f\u6210\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5OpenCV<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5OpenCV\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install opencv-python<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u521b\u5efa\u56fe\u50cf\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import cv2<\/p>\n
import numpy as np<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a100x100\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u767d\u8272<\/strong><\/h2>\n
image = np.ones((100, 100, 3), dtype=np.uint8) * 255<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cv2.imwrite('example_image_opencv.png', image)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u50cf\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u4e0a\u7ed8\u5236\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u548c\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import cv2<\/p>\n
import numpy as np<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a200x200\uff0c\u80cc\u666f\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u767d\u8272<\/strong><\/h2>\n
image = np.ones((200, 200, 3), dtype=np.uint8) * 255<\/p>\n
\u7ed8\u5236\u77e9\u5f62<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cv2.rectangle(image, (50, 50), (150, 150), (0, 0, 0), 5)<\/p>\n
\u7ed8\u5236\u6587\u672c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX<\/p>\n
cv2.putText(image, 'Hello, OpenCV!', (60, 160), font, 0.5, (0, 0, 0), 1, cv2.LINE_AA)<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cv2.imwrite('example_image_with_elements_opencv.png', image)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u50cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u548cOpenCV\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u50cf<\/p>\n
from PIL import Image<\/p>\n
image = Image.open('example_image.png')<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
import cv2<\/p>\n
image = cv2.imread('example_image.png')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u88c1\u526a\u3001\u7f29\u653e\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u88c1\u526a\u56fe\u50cf<\/p>\n
cropped_image = image.crop((50, 50, 150, 150))<\/p>\n
cropped_image.save('cropped_image_pillow.png')<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u88c1\u526a\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cropped_image = image[50:150, 50:150]<\/p>\n
cv2.imwrite('cropped_image_opencv.png', cropped_image)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5229\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u56fe\u50cf<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\u548c\u591a\u6837\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ec\u65cb\u8f6c\u3001\u7ffb\u8f6c\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u4eae\u5ea6\u548c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u65cb\u8f6c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u548cOpenCV\u6765\u65cb\u8f6c\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u65cb\u8f6c\u56fe\u50cf<\/p>\n
rotated_image = image.rotate(45)<\/p>\n
rotated_image.save('rotated_image_pillow.png')<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u65cb\u8f6c\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
(h, w) = image.shape[:2]<\/p>\n
center = (w \/\/ 2, h \/\/ 2)<\/p>\n
M = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(center, 45, 1.0)<\/p>\n
rotated_image = cv2.warpAffine(image, M, (w, h))<\/p>\n
cv2.imwrite('rotated_image_opencv.png', rotated_image)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u56fe\u50cf\u7ffb\u8f6c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u548cOpenCV\u6765\u7ffb\u8f6c\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u7ffb\u8f6c\u56fe\u50cf<\/p>\n
flipped_image = image.transpose(Image.FLIP_LEFT_RIGHT)<\/p>\n
flipped_image.save('flipped_image_pillow.png')<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u7ffb\u8f6c\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
flipped_image = cv2.flip(image, 1)<\/p>\n
cv2.imwrite('flipped_image_opencv.png', flipped_image)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u4eae\u5ea6\u548c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u548cOpenCV\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u4eae\u5ea6\u548c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u8c03\u6574\u4eae\u5ea6\u548c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6<\/p>\n
from PIL import ImageEnhance<\/p>\n
enhancer = ImageEnhance.Brightness(image)<\/p>\n
brightened_image = enhancer.enhance(1.5)<\/p>\n
brightened_image.save('brightened_image_pillow.png')<\/p>\n
enhancer = ImageEnhance.Contrast(image)<\/p>\n
contrasted_image = enhancer.enhance(1.5)<\/p>\n
contrasted_image.save('contrasted_image_pillow.png')<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u8c03\u6574\u4eae\u5ea6\u548c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5ea6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
brightened_image = cv2.convertScaleAbs(image, alpha=1.5, beta=0)<\/p>\n
cv2.imwrite('brightened_image_opencv.png', brightened_image)<\/p>\n
contrasted_image = cv2.convertScaleAbs(image, alpha=1.5, beta=0)<\/p>\n
cv2.imwrite('contrasted_image_opencv.png', contrasted_image)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u548cOpenCV\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u73b0\u6709\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u56fe\u50cf\u589e\u5f3a\u6280\u672f\u6269\u5c55\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u751f\u6210\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528Python\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u751f\u6210\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982JPEG\u6216PNG\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u5982PIL\uff08Pillow\uff09\u6216OpenCV\uff0c\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQLite\u3001MySQL\u6216MongoDB\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56fe\u50cf\u6dfb\u52a0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u63cf\u8ff0\u548c\u521b\u5efa\u65e5\u671f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
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