{"id":1114482,"date":"2025-01-08T17:57:40","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:57:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1114482.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:57:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:57:46","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%88%b6%e5%81%9a%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e6%96%b9%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1114482.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u505a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25075639\/dcd723ae-195e-4ade-8384-7ded21062715.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u505a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u5236\u505aPython\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f16\u5199README\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3001\u6253\u5305\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u7b49\u3002<\/strong> \u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u5e03\u5230PyPI\uff08Python Package Index\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684Python\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>my_library\/<\/p>\n<p>    \u251c\u2500\u2500 my_library\/<\/p>\n<p>    \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 module1.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 module2.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u251c\u2500\u2500 tests\/<\/p>\n<p>    \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 test_module1.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 test_module2.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u251c\u2500\u2500 LICENSE<\/p>\n<p>    \u251c\u2500\u2500 README.md<\/p>\n<p>    \u251c\u2500\u2500 setup.py<\/p>\n<p>    \u2514\u2500\u2500 requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u547d\u540d\u4e3a<code>my_library<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>my_library<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u5e93\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5305\u62ec<code>__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>tests<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\uff1a\u5b58\u653e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>LICENSE<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>README.md<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>setup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5305\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u5e93\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728<code>my_library<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<code>module1.py<\/code>\u548c<code>module2.py<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728<code>__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>my_library\/module1.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def add(a, b):<\/p>\n<p>    return a + b<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>my_library\/module2.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def subtract(a, b):<\/p>\n<p>    return a - b<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>my_library\/__init__.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from .module1.py import add<\/p>\n<p>from .module2.py import subtract<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>setup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u662fPython\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684<code>setup.py<\/code>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from setuptools import setup, find_packages<\/p>\n<p>setup(<\/p>\n<p>    name=&#39;my_library&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    version=&#39;0.1.0&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    description=&#39;A simple math library&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    author=&#39;Your Name&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    author_em<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>l=&#39;your_email@example.com&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    url=&#39;https:\/\/github.com\/yourusername\/my_library&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    packages=find_packages(),<\/p>\n<p>    classifiers=[<\/p>\n<p>        &#39;Programming Language :: Python :: 3&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>        &#39;License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>        &#39;Operating System :: OS Independent&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>    ],<\/p>\n<p>    python_requires=&#39;&gt;=3.6&#39;,<\/p>\n<p>)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u7f16\u5199README\u6587\u6863<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>README.md<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7528\u9014\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684<code>README.md<\/code>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-markdown\"># My Library<\/p>\n<p>A simple math library.<\/p>\n<p>## Installation<\/p>\n<p>You can install the library using pip:<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>pip install my_library<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code><\/p>\n<p>## Usage<\/p>\n<p>```python<\/p>\n<p>from my_library import add, subtract<\/p>\n<p>print(add(1, 2))  # 3<\/p>\n<p>print(subtract(2, 1))  # 1<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code><\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u4e94\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e93\u529f\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528`unittest`\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f`tests\/test_module1.py`\u548c`tests\/test_module2.py`\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>`tests\/test_module1.py`\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>```python<\/p>\n<p>import unittest<\/p>\n<p>from my_library import add<\/p>\n<p>class TestModule1(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n<p>    def test_add(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(add(1, 2), 3)<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(add(-1, 1), 0)<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(add(-1, -1), -2)<\/p>\n<p>if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>tests\/test_module2.py<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import unittest<\/p>\n<p>from my_library import subtract<\/p>\n<p>class TestModule2(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n<p>    def test_subtract(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(subtract(2, 1), 1)<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(subtract(1, 1), 0)<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(subtract(-1, -1), 0)<\/p>\n<p>if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u6253\u5305\u548c\u53d1\u5e03<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u5305\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5<code>wheel<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install wheel<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u5206\u53d1\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u5728<code>dist<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u751f\u6210<code>.tar.gz<\/code>\u548c<code>.whl<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230PyPI\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5<code>twine<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>pip install twine<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>twine<\/code>\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230PyPI\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code>twine upload dist\/*<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e0a\u4f20\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e93\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>pip<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5236\u505aPython\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f16\u5199README\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3001\u6253\u5305\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684Python\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u795d\u4f60\u5728Python\u5f00\u53d1\u4e4b\u8def\u4e0a\u53d6\u5f97\u6210\u529f\uff01<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u59cb\u5236\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Python\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5236\u4f5c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684Python\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>setup.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5e93\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5e93\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u7248\u672c\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5e93\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a<code>__init__.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u786e\u4fddPython\u5c06\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>setuptools<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6253\u5305\u60a8\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5236\u4f5c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u4f5cPython\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python\u548c<code>setuptools<\/code>\u5e93\u3002<code>setuptools<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5206\u53d1Python\u5305\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5e93\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5982<code>pytest<\/code>\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u6211\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u53d1\u5e03\u5230PyPI\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5e93\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>twine<\/code>\u5de5\u5177\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u5e03\u5230Python\u5305\u7d22\u5f15\uff08PyPI\uff09\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u5df2\u5728PyPI\u4e0a\u6ce8\u518c\u8d26\u6237\u5e76\u5728<code>setup.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u5e93\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code>python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel<\/code>\u751f\u6210\u5206\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>twine upload dist\/*<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0a\u4f20\u5e93\u5230PyPI\u3002\u53d1\u5e03\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>pip install your_library_name<\/code>\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u60a8\u7684\u5e93\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5236\u505aPython\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f16\u5199README\u6587\u6863\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b 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