{"id":1114641,"date":"2025-01-08T17:59:22","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:59:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1114641.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T17:59:25","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T09:59:25","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8python%e5%af%b9%e6%9c%aa%e7%9f%a5%e7%bd%91%e9%a1%b5%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e7%88%ac%e5%8f%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1114641.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528python\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528python\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\uff1a\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\uff08F12\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5bf9\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u6309\u4e0bF12\u952e\u6253\u5f00\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u5143\u7d20\u201d\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u9f20\u6807\u60ac\u505c\u5728\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684HTML\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u5206\u6790HTML\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6240\u5728\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f4d\u4e8e<div><\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u5185\uff0c\u5e26\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684class<\/code>\u6216id<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u540e\u7eed\u722c\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u6709requests<\/code>\u548curllib<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. requests<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684HTTP\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u53d1\u9001GET\u6216POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      import requests<\/p>\n
      url = 'http:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
      response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
      html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. urllib<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a\u8fd9\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684HTTP\u5e93\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u4f46\u7a0d\u663e\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        import urllib.request<\/p>\n
        url = 'http:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
        response = urllib.request.urlopen(url)<\/p>\n
        html_content = response.read().decode('utf-8')<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\u6709BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u548clxml<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. BeautifulSoup<\/code>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTML\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
          soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. lxml<\/code>\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684HTML\u548cXML\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            from lxml import etree<\/p>\n
            parser = etree.HTMLParser()<\/p>\n
            tree = etree.fromstring(html_content, parser)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u56db\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u89e3\u6790\u4e86\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u524d\u5206\u6790\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              # \u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u9898<\/p>\n
              titles = soup.find_all('h1')<\/p>\n
              for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                  print(title.get_text())<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u4f7f\u7528lxml<\/code>\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                # \u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u9898<\/p>\n
                titles = tree.xpath('\/\/h1')<\/p>\n
                for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                    print(title.text)<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u6709\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5927\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eUser-Agent\u7b49\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  headers = {<\/p>\n
                      'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/91.0.4472.124 Safari\/537.36'<\/p>\n
                  }<\/p>\n
                  response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514dIP\u88ab\u5c01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    proxies = {<\/p>\n
                        'http': 'http:\/\/your_proxy',<\/p>\n
                        'https': 'https:\/\/your_proxy'<\/p>\n
                    }<\/p>\n
                    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    1. \u52a0\u5165\u5ef6\u65f6\uff1a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u52a0\u5165\u968f\u673a\u5ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u5de5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u89e6\u53d1\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      import time<\/p>\n
                      import random<\/p>\n
                      time.sleep(random.uniform(1, 3))<\/p>\n
                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u56db\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \u5728\u89e3\u6790\u4e86\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u524d\u5206\u6790\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      1. \u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                        # \u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u9898<\/p>\n
                        titles = soup.find_all('h1')<\/p>\n
                        for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                            print(title.get_text())<\/p>\n
                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                          \n
                        1. \u4f7f\u7528lxml<\/code>\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                          # \u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6807\u9898<\/p>\n
                          titles = tree.xpath('\/\/h1')<\/p>\n
                          for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                              print(title.text)<\/p>\n
                          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                          \u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                          \u8bb8\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u6709\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5927\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u5e94\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eUser-Agent\u7b49\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                            headers = {<\/p>\n
                                'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/91.0.4472.124 Safari\/537.36'<\/p>\n
                            }<\/p>\n
                            response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
                            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                              \n
                            1. \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514dIP\u88ab\u5c01\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                              proxies = {<\/p>\n
                                  'http': 'http:\/\/your_proxy',<\/p>\n
                                  'https': 'https:\/\/your_proxy'<\/p>\n
                              }<\/p>\n
                              response = requests.get(url, headers=headers, proxies=proxies)<\/p>\n
                              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                \n
                              1. \u52a0\u5165\u5ef6\u65f6\uff1a\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u52a0\u5165\u968f\u673a\u5ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u5de5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u89e6\u53d1\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                import time<\/p>\n
                                import random<\/p>\n
                                time.sleep(random.uniform(1, 3))<\/p>\n
                                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                \u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406JavaScript\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                \u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium<\/code>\u6216Splash<\/code>\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                1. \u4f7f\u7528Selenium<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                  from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
                                  driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
                                  driver.get(url)<\/p>\n
                                  html_content = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
                                  driver.quit()<\/p>\n
                                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                    \n
                                  1. \u4f7f\u7528Splash<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u652f\u6301JavaScript\u7684\u6e32\u67d3\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7HTTP API\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                    import requests<\/p>\n
                                    splash_url = 'http:\/\/localhost:8050\/render.html'<\/p>\n
                                    params = {<\/p>\n
                                        'url': url,<\/p>\n
                                        'wAI<\/a>t': 2<\/p>\n
                                    }<\/p>\n
                                    response = requests.get(splash_url, params=params)<\/p>\n
                                    html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
                                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                    \u4e03\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                    \u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u5230\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982CSV\u3001JSON\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                      \n
                                    1. \u5b58\u50a8\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                      import csv<\/p>\n
                                      with open('data.csv', 'w', newline='') as csvfile:<\/p>\n
                                          writer = csv.writer(csvfile)<\/p>\n
                                          writer.writerow(['Title'])<\/p>\n
                                          for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                                              writer.writerow([title.get_text()])<\/p>\n
                                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                        \n
                                      1. \u5b58\u50a8\u5230JSON\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                        import json<\/p>\n
                                        data = [title.get_text() for title in titles]<\/p>\n
                                        with open('data.json', 'w') as jsonfile:<\/p>\n
                                            json.dump(data, jsonfile)<\/p>\n
                                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                          \n
                                        1. \u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                          import sqlite3<\/p>\n
                                          conn = sqlite3.connect('data.db')<\/p>\n
                                          cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
                                          cursor.execute('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS titles (title TEXT)')<\/p>\n
                                          for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                                              cursor.execute('INSERT INTO titles (title) VALUES (?)', (title.get_text(),))<\/p>\n
                                          conn.commit()<\/p>\n
                                          conn.close()<\/p>\n
                                          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                          \u516b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                          \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u7684\u722c\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                            \n
                                          1. \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528threading<\/code>\u6216multiprocessing<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u53d1\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u722c\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                            import threading<\/p>\n
                                            def fetch_data(url):<\/p>\n
                                                response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
                                                # \u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
                                            threads = []<\/p>\n
                                            for url in url_list:<\/p>\n
                                                thread = threading.Thread(target=fetch_data, args=(url,))<\/p>\n
                                                threads.append(thread)<\/p>\n
                                                thread.start()<\/p>\n
                                            for thread in threads:<\/p>\n
                                                thread.join()<\/p>\n
                                            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                              \n
                                            1. \u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u722c\u53d6\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u722c\u53d6\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982Scrapy<\/code>\u548cPySpider<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6846\u67b6\u652f\u6301\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                              # Scrapy\u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
                                              import scrapy<\/p>\n
                                              class MySpider(scrapy.Spider):<\/p>\n
                                                  name = 'myspider'<\/p>\n
                                                  start_urls = ['http:\/\/example.com']<\/p>\n
                                                  def parse(self, response):<\/p>\n
                                                      titles = response.xpath('\/\/h1\/text()').getall()<\/p>\n
                                                      for title in titles:<\/p>\n
                                                          yield {'title': title}<\/p>\n
                                              \u8fd0\u884c\u722c\u866b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                              scrapy runspider myspider.py -o data.json<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                                \n
                                              1. \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u5728\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                                                import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
                                                \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                                data = pd.read_csv('data.csv')<\/p>\n
                                                \u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                                data.drop_duplicates(inplace=True)<\/p>\n
                                                data.dropna(inplace=True)<\/p>\n
                                                \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                                data['title'] = data['title'].str.strip()<\/p>\n
                                                \u4fdd\u5b58\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                                data.to_csv('cleaned_data.csv', index=False)<\/p>\n
                                                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                                \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                                \u4f7f\u7528Python\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u673a\u5236\u3001\u5904\u7406JavaScript\u6e32\u67d3\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7f51\u9875\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                                \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                                 \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\uff1f<\/strong>
                                                \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5e93\u5305\u62ecRequests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u3002Requests\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800cBeautifulSoup\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u642d\u914d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cScrapy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u722c\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                \u5728\u722c\u53d6\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c01\u7981\uff1f<\/strong>
                                                \u4e3a\u4e86\u51cf\u5c11\u88ab\u7f51\u7ad9\u5c01\u7981\u7684\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u591a\u79cd\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u8bf7\u6c42\u540c\u4e00\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u6539User-Agent\u6765\u4f2a\u88c5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u771f\u5b9eIP\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5206\u6563\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9075\u5faarobots.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u722c\u53d6\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u722c\u53d6\u6d3b\u52a8\u7b26\u5408\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002<\/p>\n
                                                \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong>
                                                \u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u5b8c\u5168\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002Selenium\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u52a8\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528API\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7f51\u7ad9\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u7f51\u9875\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3001 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1114648,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1114641"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1114641"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1114641\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1114649,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1114641\/revisions\/1114649"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1114648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1114641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1114641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1114641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}