{"id":1114736,"date":"2025-01-08T18:00:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:00:14","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-01-08T18:00:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:00:16","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%90%88%e5%b9%b6%e5%8d%95%e5%85%83%e6%a0%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1114736.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1aopenpyxl\u5e93\u3001pandas\u5e93\u3001xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93\u3002<\/strong> \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b9e\u9645\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Openpyxl\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u5199Excel 2010 xlsx\/xlsm\/xltx\/xltm\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301Excel\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5openpyxl\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86openpyxl\u5e93\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u6d4b\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import openpyxl<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook.active<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_cells = sheet.merged_cells.ranges<\/p>\n
for merged_cell in merged_cells:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Merged cell: {merged_cell}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u62c6\u5206\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5c06\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
for merged_cell in merged_cells:<\/p>\n
    # \u83b7\u53d6\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n
    cell_value = sheet[merged_cell.coord.split(":")[0]].value<\/p>\n
    # \u62c6\u5206\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/p>\n
    sheet.unmerge_cells(str(merged_cell))<\/p>\n
    # \u5c06\u62c6\u5206\u540e\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u8d4b\u503c<\/p>\n
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=merged_cell.min_row, max_row=merged_cell.max_row, min_col=merged_cell.min_col, max_col=merged_cell.max_col):<\/p>\n
        for cell in row:<\/p>\n
            cell.value = cell_value<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook.save('example_unmerged.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Pandas\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5e93\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b83\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408openpyxl\u5e93\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5pandas\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pandas\u5e93\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example.xlsx', engine='openpyxl')<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u6846<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u586b\u5145\u5230\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u7684fillna<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import openpyxl<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook('example.xlsx')<\/p>\n
sheet = workbook.active<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_cells = sheet.merged_cells.ranges<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c\u586b\u5145\u5230\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for merged_cell in merged_cells:<\/p>\n
    cell_value = sheet[merged_cell.coord.split(":")[0]].value<\/p>\n
    for row in sheet.iter_rows(min_row=merged_cell.min_row, max_row=merged_cell.max_row, min_col=merged_cell.min_col, max_col=merged_cell.max_col):<\/p>\n
        for cell in row:<\/p>\n
            cell.value = cell_value<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook.save('example_filled.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('example_filled.xlsx', engine='openpyxl')<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u6846<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel 97-2003\u683c\u5f0f\uff08.xls\uff09\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86xlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install xlrd xlwt<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2aExcel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u6d4b\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import xlrd<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('example.xls')<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_cells = sheet.merged_cells<\/p>\n
for merged_cell in merged_cells:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Merged cell: {merged_cell}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u62c6\u5206\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5c06\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import xlwt<\/p>\n
from xlutils.copy import copy<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('example.xls', formatting_info=True)<\/p>\n
sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u5199\u7684\u526f\u672c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook_copy = copy(workbook)<\/p>\n
sheet_copy = workbook_copy.get_sheet(0)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u8303\u56f4<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_cells = sheet.merged_cells<\/p>\n
for merged_cell in merged_cells:<\/p>\n
    # \u83b7\u53d6\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c<\/p>\n
    cell_value = sheet.cell_value(merged_cell[0], merged_cell[2])<\/p>\n
    # \u62c6\u5206\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u503c\u586b\u5145\u5230\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d<\/p>\n
    for row in range(merged_cell[0], merged_cell[1]):<\/p>\n
        for col in range(merged_cell[2], merged_cell[3]):<\/p>\n
            sheet_copy.write(row, col, cell_value)<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook_copy.save('example_unmerged.xls')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u65f6\uff0copenpyxl\u5e93<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u62c6\u5206\u548c\u586b\u5145\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002Pandas\u5e93<\/strong>\u867d\u7136\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408openpyxl\u5e93\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800cxlrd\u548cxlwt\u5e93<\/strong>\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406Excel 97-2003\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199Python\u811a\u672c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u5305\u542b\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5305\u542b\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8be5\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u8bbf\u95ee\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u8f7dExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6d3b\u52a8\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7sheet.merged_cells.ranges<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528sheet.cell()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u5305\u542b\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u521b\u5efa\u5305\u542b\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7c3f\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u5de5\u4f5c\u8868\u3002\u4f7f\u7528sheet.merge_cells()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u503c\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528workbook.save()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u663e\u793a\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5904\u7406\u5408\u5e76\u5355\u5143\u683c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
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