{"id":1116744,"date":"2025-01-08T18:19:22","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:19:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1116744.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T18:19:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:19:26","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%89%93%e5%8c%85exe%e5%8f%af%e6%89%a7%e8%a1%8c%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1116744.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5305exe\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5305exe\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

Python\u6253\u5305exe\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528PyInstaller\u3001\u521b\u5efaspec\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528PyInstaller<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Python\u811a\u672c\u6253\u5305\u6210\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u5206\u53d1\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PyInstaller<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

PyInstaller\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Python\u811a\u672c\u53ca\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u6253\u5305\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5PyInstaller\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install pyinstaller<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6253\u5305Python\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pyinstaller your_script.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684dist\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cPyInstaller\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u5355\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pyinstaller --onefile your_script.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u521b\u5efaspec\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Spec\u6587\u4ef6\u662fPyInstaller\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6253\u5305\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u751f\u6210spec\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pyinstaller --onefile --name=your_executable_name your_script.py<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3ayour_executable_name.spec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u9690\u85cf\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u6807\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u7a97\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# -*- mode: python -*-<\/p>\n
block_cipher = None<\/p>\n
a = Analysis(['your_script.py'],<\/p>\n
             pathex=['\/path\/to\/your_script'],<\/p>\n
             binaries=[],<\/p>\n
             datas=[],<\/p>\n
             hiddenimports=[],<\/p>\n
             hookspath=[],<\/p>\n
             hooksconfig={},<\/p>\n
             runtime_hooks=[],<\/p>\n
             excludes=[],<\/p>\n
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,<\/p>\n
             win_private_assemblies=False,<\/p>\n
             cipher=block_cipher,<\/p>\n
             noarchive=False)<\/p>\n
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, cipher=block_cipher)<\/p>\n
exe = EXE(pyz,<\/p>\n
          a.scripts,<\/p>\n
          [],<\/p>\n
          exclude_binaries=True,<\/p>\n
          name='your_executable_name',<\/p>\n
          debug=False,<\/p>\n
          bootloader_ignore_signals=False,<\/p>\n
          strip=False,<\/p>\n
          upx=True,<\/p>\n
          upx_exclude=[],<\/p>\n
          runtime_tmpdir=None,<\/p>\n
          console=False )  # Set console=False to hide the console window<\/p>\n
coll = COLLECT(exe,<\/p>\n
               a.binaries,<\/p>\n
               a.zipfiles,<\/p>\n
               a.datas,<\/p>\n
               strip=False,<\/p>\n
               upx=True,<\/p>\n
               upx_exclude=[],<\/p>\n
               name='your_executable_name')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6253\u5305\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002PyInstaller\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684hiddenimports\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u672a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
hiddenimports=['some_module', 'another_module']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5305\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06dist\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u68c0\u67e5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u9f50\u5168\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f7f\u7528–debug\u9009\u9879\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5305\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u67e5\u770bPyInstaller\u751f\u6210\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6253\u5305\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u5de7\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u51cf\u5c11\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528UPX\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u3002UPX\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u7f29\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u542f\u7528UPX\u538b\u7f29\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      strip=False,<\/p>\n
      upx=True,<\/p>\n
      upx_exclude=[],<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u6807\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684EXE\u90e8\u5206\u6dfb\u52a0icon\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        exe = EXE(pyz,<\/p>\n
                  a.scripts,<\/p>\n
                  [],<\/p>\n
                  exclude_binaries=True,<\/p>\n
                  name='your_executable_name',<\/p>\n
                  debug=False,<\/p>\n
                  bootloader_ignore_signals=False,<\/p>\n
                  strip=False,<\/p>\n
                  upx=True,<\/p>\n
                  upx_exclude=[],<\/p>\n
                  runtime_tmpdir=None,<\/p>\n
                  console=False,<\/p>\n
                  icon='path\/to\/your\/icon.ico')  # Add the icon parameter<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\uff08\u5982DLL\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6253\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684binaries\u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          binaries=[('path\/to\/your\/library.dll', 'destination\/path')],<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u591a\u5e73\u53f0\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5206\u522b\u6253\u5305\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Windows\u4e0a\u751f\u6210Windows\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u751f\u6210Linux\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5728\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528PyInstaller\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u516d\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u6253\u5305\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \n
              \u7f3a\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6253\u5305\u540e\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u62a5\u9519\u63d0\u793a\u7f3a\u5c11\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u5230hiddenimports\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            2. \n
              \u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u6253\u5305\u540e\u5bfc\u81f4\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u5728spec\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            3. \n
              \u6743\u9650\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
            4. \n
              \u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\u6216\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u6253\u5305\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u4e03\u3001\u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528PyInstaller\u6253\u5305Python\u811a\u672c\u4e3aexe\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672c\uff08example.py\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              import sys<\/p>\n
              from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMAI<\/a>nWindow, QLabel<\/p>\n
              class ExampleWindow(QMainWindow):<\/p>\n
                  def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
                      super().__init__()<\/p>\n
                      self.initUI()<\/p>\n
                  def initUI(self):<\/p>\n
                      label = QLabel("Hello, PyInstaller!", self)<\/p>\n
                      self.setCentralWidget(label)<\/p>\n
                      self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 150)<\/p>\n
                      self.setWindowTitle("Example")<\/p>\n
              def main():<\/p>\n
                  app = QApplication(sys.argv)<\/p>\n
                  window = ExampleWindow()<\/p>\n
                  window.show()<\/p>\n
                  sys.exit(app.exec_())<\/p>\n
              if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
                  main()<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u521b\u5efaspec\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6253\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              pyinstaller --onefile --name=example example.py<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u751f\u6210\u7684spec\u6587\u4ef6\uff08example.spec\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              # -*- mode: python -*-<\/p>\n
              block_cipher = None<\/p>\n
              a = Analysis(['example.py'],<\/p>\n
                           pathex=['\/path\/to\/example'],<\/p>\n
                           binaries=[],<\/p>\n
                           datas=[],<\/p>\n
                           hiddenimports=['PyQt5'],<\/p>\n
                           hookspath=[],<\/p>\n
                           hooksconfig={},<\/p>\n
                           runtime_hooks=[],<\/p>\n
                           excludes=[],<\/p>\n
                           win_no_prefer_redirects=False,<\/p>\n
                           win_private_assemblies=False,<\/p>\n
                           cipher=block_cipher,<\/p>\n
                           noarchive=False)<\/p>\n
              pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data, cipher=block_cipher)<\/p>\n
              exe = EXE(pyz,<\/p>\n
                        a.scripts,<\/p>\n
                        [],<\/p>\n
                        exclude_binaries=True,<\/p>\n
                        name='example',<\/p>\n
                        debug=False,<\/p>\n
                        bootloader_ignore_signals=False,<\/p>\n
                        strip=False,<\/p>\n
                        upx=True,<\/p>\n
                        upx_exclude=[],<\/p>\n
                        runtime_tmpdir=None,<\/p>\n
                        console=False,<\/p>\n
                        icon='path\/to\/icon.ico')<\/p>\n
              coll = COLLECT(exe,<\/p>\n
                             a.binaries,<\/p>\n
                             a.zipfiles,<\/p>\n
                             a.datas,<\/p>\n
                             strip=False,<\/p>\n
                             upx=True,<\/p>\n
                             upx_exclude=[],<\/p>\n
                             name='example')<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u8fd0\u884c\u6253\u5305\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              pyinstaller example.spec<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
              \u8fd9\u5c06\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684dist\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884cexample.exe\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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