{"id":1117827,"date":"2025-01-08T18:29:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:29:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1117827.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T18:29:41","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:29:41","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87%e7%bb%9d%e5%af%b9%e8%b7%af%e5%be%84%e8%af%bb%e5%8f%96%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1117827.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25081605\/a5e6fb27-9d32-470d-a855-eb6869d65780.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570open()\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u660e\u786e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u4ece\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u624b\u52a8\u83b7\u53d6\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u590d\u5236\u5b83\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\uff1aos\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u83b7\u53d6\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982os.path.abspath()\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u83b7\u53d6\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import os<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u811a\u672c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>current_directory = os.path.dirname(__file__)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>file_path = os.path.join(current_directory, &#39;example.txt&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<p>Python\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002open()\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6a21\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u53d6\uff08&#39;r&#39;\uff09\u3001\u5199\u5165\uff08&#39;w&#39;\uff09\u3001\u8ffd\u52a0\uff08&#39;a&#39;\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>with open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    # \u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>    content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>    print(content)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u5206\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">with open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    for line in file:<\/p>\n<p>        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">with open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    lines = file.readlines()<\/p>\n<p>    # \u8bfb\u53d6\u524d5\u884c<\/p>\n<p>    for line in lines[:5]:<\/p>\n<p>        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3001\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">try:<\/p>\n<p>    with open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>        content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>        print(content)<\/p>\n<p>except FileNotFoundError:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>except PermissionError:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>except Exception as e:<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff1a{e}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668<\/strong>\uff1aPython\u7684with\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6253\u5f00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5904\u7406\u975eASCII\u5b57\u7b26\u65f6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728open()\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9010\u884c\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u5927\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u9010\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u548c\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u7801<\/p>\n<p>with open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    for line in file:<\/p>\n<p>        print(line.strip())<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff0cPython\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5bf9\u60a8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>open()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u914d\u5408\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<code>C:\/Users\/Username\/Documents\/file.txt<\/code>\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">file_path = &#39;C:\/Users\/Username\/Documents\/file.txt&#39;\nwith open(file_path, &#39;r&#39;) as file:\n    content = file.read()\n    print(content)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u8def\u5f84\u683c\u5f0f\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6587\u4ef6\u786e\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff08\u5728\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u524d\u52a0<code>r<\/code>\uff09\u6765\u907f\u514d\u8f6c\u4e49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">file_path = r&#39;C:\\Users\\Username\\Documents\\my file.txt&#39;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u8f6c\u4e49\u5b57\u7b26\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Windows\u548cLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u6709\u4f55\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u659c\u6760\uff08<code>\\<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5728Linux\u548cmacOS\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u659c\u6760\uff08<code>\/<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cWindows\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u80fd\u662f<code>C:\\Users\\Username\\Documents\\file.txt<\/code>\uff0c\u800cLinux\u8def\u5f84\u5219\u662f<code>\/home\/username\/documents\/file.txt<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>os.path<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684<code>os.path.join()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u901a\u8fc7\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684open()\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1117835,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117827"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1117827"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1117837,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1117827\/revisions\/1117837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1117835"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1117827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1117827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1117827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}