{"id":1119731,"date":"2025-01-08T18:47:26","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:47:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1119731.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T18:47:29","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T10:47:29","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e7%88%ac%e4%b8%89%e5%9b%bd%e6%bc%94%e4%b9%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1119731.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u722c\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u722c\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\"<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1arequests\u5e93\u3001BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u63d0\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u2014\u2014\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u548cBeautifulSoup\u5e93\u6765\u722c\u53d6\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\u53d6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u627e\u5230\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u6587\u672c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import requests<\/p>\n
url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/sanguo'  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684URL<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
    page_content = response.text<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print(f"FAI<\/a>led to retrieve content. Status code: {response.status_code}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u6765\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5BeautifulSoup\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install beautifulsoup4<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTML\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<div class="chapter"><\/strong><\/h2>\n
chapters = soup.find_all('div', class_='chapter')<\/p>\n
for chapter in chapters:<\/p>\n
    title = chapter.find('h2').text  # \u5047\u8bbe\u7ae0\u8282\u6807\u9898\u5728<h2>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d<\/p>\n
    content = chapter.find('p').text  # \u5047\u8bbe\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u5728<p>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d<\/p>\n
    print(f"Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
    print(f"Content: {content}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7f51\u9875\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u90a3\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5339\u914d\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u590d\u6742\u7684HTML\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTML\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<div class="chapter"><\/strong><\/h2>\n
pattern = re.compile(r'<div class="chapter">(.*?)<\/div>', re.DOTALL)<\/p>\n
matches = pattern.findall(page_content)<\/p>\n
for match in matches:<\/p>\n
    title_pattern = re.compile(r'<h2>(.*?)<\/h2>')<\/p>\n
    content_pattern = re.compile(r'<p>(.*?)<\/p>')<\/p>\n
    title = title_pattern.search(match).group(1)<\/p>\n
    content = content_pattern.search(match).group(1)<\/p>\n
    print(f"Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
    print(f"Content: {content}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u53d6\u5230\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
with open('sanguo.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as file:<\/p>\n
    for chapter in chapters:<\/p>\n
        title = chapter.find('h2').text<\/p>\n
        content = chapter.find('p').text<\/p>\n
        file.write(f"Title: {title}\\n")<\/p>\n
        file.write(f"Content: {content}\\n\\n")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQLite\u3001MySQL\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sqlite3<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaSQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn = sqlite3.connect('sanguo.db')<\/p>\n
c = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS chapters<\/p>\n
             (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, title TEXT, content TEXT)''')<\/p>\n
\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for chapter in chapters:<\/p>\n
    title = chapter.find('h2').text<\/p>\n
    content = chapter.find('p').text<\/p>\n
    c.execute("INSERT INTO chapters (title, content) VALUES (?, ?)", (title, content))<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
conn.commit()<\/p>\n
conn.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5206\u9875<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u300a\u4e09\u56fd\u6f14\u4e49\u300b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5206\u9875\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u6bcf\u4e00\u9875\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u8282\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
base_url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/sanguo?page='  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5206\u9875URL<\/p>\n
page_number = 1<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    url = base_url + str(page_number)<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
    if response.status_code != 200:<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    page_content = response.text<\/p>\n
    soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
    chapters = soup.find_all('div', class_='chapter')<\/p>\n
    if not chapters:<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    for chapter in chapters:<\/p>\n
        title = chapter.find('h2').text<\/p>\n
        content = chapter.find('p').text<\/p>\n
        print(f"Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
        print(f"Content: {content}")<\/p>\n
    page_number += 1<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u722c\u53d6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\u6765\u7ed5\u8fc7\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
headers = {<\/p>\n
    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/58.0.3029.110 Safari\/537.3'}<\/p>\n
base_url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/sanguo?page='  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5206\u9875URL<\/p>\n
page_number = 1<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    url = base_url + str(page_number)<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
    if response.status_code != 200:<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    page_content = response.text<\/p>\n
    soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
    chapters = soup.find_all('div', class_='chapter')<\/p>\n
    if not chapters:<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    for chapter in chapters:<\/p>\n
        title = chapter.find('h2').text<\/p>\n
        content = chapter.find('p').text<\/p>\n
        print(f"Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
        print(f"Content: {content}")<\/p>\n
    page_number += 1<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(2)  # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u89e6\u53d1\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42HTML\u9875\u9762\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982ChromeDriver\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install selenium<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n
base_url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/sanguo?page='  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5206\u9875URL<\/p>\n
page_number = 1<\/p>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    url = base_url + str(page_number)<\/p>\n
    driver.get(url)<\/p>\n
    page_content = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
    soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
    chapters = soup.find_all('div', class_='chapter')<\/p>\n
    if not chapters:<\/p>\n
        break<\/p>\n
    for chapter in chapters:<\/p>\n
        title = chapter.find('h2').text<\/p>\n
        content = chapter.find('p').text<\/p>\n
        print(f"Title: {title}")<\/p>\n
        print(f"Content: {content}")<\/p>\n
    page_number += 1<\/p>\n
driver.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u722c\u53d6\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6253\u7801\u5e73\u53f0\u6216OCR\uff08\u5149\u5b66\u5b57\u7b26\u8bc6\u522b\uff09\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6253\u7801\u5e73\u53f0\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6253\u7801\u5e73\u53f0API<\/strong><\/h2>\n
captcha_api_url = 'https:\/\/example.com\/captcha_api'<\/p>\n
captcha_api_key = 'your_api_key'<\/p>\n
def solve_captcha(captcha_image_url):<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(captcha_image_url)<\/p>\n
    captcha_image = response.content<\/p>\n
    # \u8c03\u7528\u6253\u7801\u5e73\u53f0API\u89e3\u51b3\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801<\/p>\n
    response = requests.post(captcha_api_url, files={'file': captcha_image}, data={'key': captcha_api_key})<\/p>\n
    captcha_solution = response.json()['solution']<\/p>\n
    return captcha_solution<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u56fe\u7247URL\u5728\u9875\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9aHTML\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
soup = BeautifulSoup(page_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
captcha_image_url = soup.find('img', class_='captcha')['src']<\/p>\n
captcha_solution = solve_captcha(captcha_image_url)<\/p>\n
print(f"Captcha Solution: {captcha_solution}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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