{"id":1120876,"date":"2025-01-08T19:02:59","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T11:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1120876.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T19:03:06","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T11:03:06","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e6%89%80%e6%9c%89%e9%94%aepython","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1120876.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952epython"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25083347\/a668798b-4f2a-45fb-8687-68a6e946136a.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952epython\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b57\u5178\uff08dictionary\uff09\u662fPython\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0cPython \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u5305\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08*\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>my_dict = {&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Alice&#39;, &#39;age&#39;: 25, &#39;city&#39;: &#39;New York&#39;}<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>keys = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n<p>print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_keys([&#39;name&#39;, &#39;age&#39;, &#39;city&#39;])<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong> keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 list() \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">keys_list = list(my_dict.keys())<\/p>\n<p>print(keys_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [&#39;name&#39;, &#39;age&#39;, &#39;city&#39;]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u5728\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>for key in my_dict:<\/p>\n<p>    print(key)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08*\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ecePython 3.5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u5305\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08*\uff09\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>keys = [*my_dict]<\/p>\n<p>print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [&#39;name&#39;, &#39;age&#39;, &#39;city&#39;]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u89e3\u5305\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4e0d\u5982\u524d\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>keys = [key for key in my_dict]<\/p>\n<p>print(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [&#39;name&#39;, &#39;age&#39;, &#39;city&#39;]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ckeys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import timeit<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>large_dict = {i: i2 for i in range(10000)}<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>time_keys = timeit.timeit(&#39;large_dict.keys()&#39;, globals=globals(), number=10000)<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u8017\u65f6: {time_keys} \u79d2&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>time_loop = timeit.timeit(&#39;[key for key in large_dict]&#39;, globals=globals(), number=10000)<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u8017\u65f6: {time_loop} \u79d2&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ece\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0ckeys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u66f4\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u65f6\uff0c\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u5178\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65b0\u589e\u6216\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e03\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u662fPython\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u5305\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08*\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002<strong>keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5e94\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u5177\u4f53\u573a\u666f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684<code>keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">my_dict = {&#39;a&#39;: 1, &#39;b&#39;: 2, &#39;c&#39;: 3}\nkeys = list(my_dict.keys())\nprint(keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [&#39;a&#39;, &#39;b&#39;, &#39;c&#39;]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u952e\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528<code>keys()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u7279\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u3002\u76f4\u63a5\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">my_dict = {&#39;x&#39;: 10, &#39;y&#39;: 20, &#39;z&#39;: 30}\nfor key in my_dict:\n    print(key)  # \u8f93\u51fa: x, y, z\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5728\u9700\u8981\u9010\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u952e\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>items()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">my_dict = {&#39;name&#39;: &#39;Alice&#39;, &#39;age&#39;: 25, &#39;city&#39;: &#39;New York&#39;}\nfor key, value in my_dict.items():\n    print(f&#39;\u952e: {key}, \u503c: {value}&#39;)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u904d\u5386\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684 keys() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1120892,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1120876"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1120876"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1120876\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1120893,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1120876\/revisions\/1120893"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1120892"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1120876"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1120876"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1120876"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}