{"id":1128140,"date":"2025-01-08T20:17:20","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:17:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1128140.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T20:17:22","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:17:22","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%86%99%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aapython%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1128140.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2apython\u7a0b\u5e8f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25094926\/247d4eee-b3bf-4b79-bf3f-c0587d2c1a55.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2apython\u7a0b\u5e8f\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u8981\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/strong> \u5b89\u88c5Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd0\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u73af\u5883\u3002\u7f16\u5199\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u7f16\u7a0b\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5219\u662f\u68c0\u9a8c\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u73af\u5883\u652f\u6301\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5e76\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.1\u3001\u9009\u62e9Python\u7248\u672c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c\uff1aPython 2\u548cPython 3\u3002Python 3\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aPython 2\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u9009\u62e9Python 3\u5c06\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.2\u3001\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0e\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u524d\u5f80Python\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.python.org\/%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BDPython\">https:\/\/www.python.org\/\uff09\u4e0b\u8f7dPython<\/a> 3\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4f60\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Windows\u3001macOS\u3001Linux\uff09\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u52fe\u9009\u201cAdd Python to PATH\u201d\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u4f60\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u4f7f\u7528Python\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.3\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff08Windows\u7684CMD\u3001macOS\u7684Terminal\u6216Linux\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\uff09\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-sh\">python --version<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201cPython 3.x.x\u201d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u8bf4\u660ePython\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.1\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6765\u7f16\u5199Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5982Notepad\u3001Sublime Text\u3001Visual Studio Code\u6216PyCharm\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u8212\u9002\u7684\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.2\u3001\u7f16\u5199Hello World\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u4e3a<code>hello.py<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">print(&quot;Hello, World!&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86Python\u7684<code>print<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201cHello, World!\u201d\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.3\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u4e3a<code>.py<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u662fPython\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u8fd0\u884cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6253\u5f00\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\uff0c\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u4fdd\u5b58<code>hello.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-sh\">python hello.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4f1a\u5728\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u201cHello, World!\u201d\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528IDE\u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u5982PyCharm\u6216Visual Studio Code\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728IDE\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5927\u90e8\u5206IDE\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u8fd0\u884c\u201d\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u5b83\u5373\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4f60\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Python\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.1\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u578b\uff08int\uff09\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b\uff08float\uff09\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08str\uff09\u548c\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\uff08bool\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6574\u578b<\/p>\n<p>a = 10<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>b = 3.14<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>c = &quot;Hello&quot;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5e03\u5c14\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>d = True<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.2\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n<p>if a &gt; 5:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;a is greater than 5&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;a is less than or equal to 5&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>for i in range(5):<\/p>\n<p>    print(i)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.3\u3001\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u3002Python\u4f7f\u7528<code>def<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def greet(name):<\/p>\n<p>    return &quot;Hello, &quot; + name<\/p>\n<p>print(greet(&quot;Alice&quot;))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u4f60\u7684Python\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5e93\u548c\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>import<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5f15\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import math<\/p>\n<p>print(math.sqrt(16))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.2\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u5199\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>with open(&quot;example.txt&quot;, &quot;w&quot;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    file.write(&quot;Hello, World!&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u8bfb\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>with open(&quot;example.txt&quot;, &quot;r&quot;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    content = file.read()<\/p>\n<p>    print(content)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.3\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">try:<\/p>\n<p>    result = 10 \/ 0<\/p>\n<p>except ZeroDivisionError:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;Cannot divide by zero!&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>6.1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5c06\u4f60\u5b66\u5230\u7684Python\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def add(x, y):<\/p>\n<p>    return x + y<\/p>\n<p>def subtract(x, y):<\/p>\n<p>    return x - y<\/p>\n<p>def multiply(x, y):<\/p>\n<p>    return x * y<\/p>\n<p>def divide(x, y):<\/p>\n<p>    if y == 0:<\/p>\n<p>        r<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>se ValueError(&quot;Cannot divide by zero!&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    return x \/ y<\/p>\n<p>while True:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;Select operation:&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;1. Add&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;2. Subtract&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;3. Multiply&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;4. Divide&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;5. Exit&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    choice = input(&quot;Enter choice(1\/2\/3\/4\/5): &quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    if choice == &#39;5&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>        break<\/p>\n<p>    num1 = float(input(&quot;Enter first number: &quot;))<\/p>\n<p>    num2 = float(input(&quot;Enter second number: &quot;))<\/p>\n<p>    if choice == &#39;1&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>        print(&quot;Result: &quot;, add(num1, num2))<\/p>\n<p>    elif choice == &#39;2&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>        print(&quot;Result: &quot;, subtract(num1, num2))<\/p>\n<p>    elif choice == &#39;3&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>        print(&quot;Result: &quot;, multiply(num1, num2))<\/p>\n<p>    elif choice == &#39;4&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>        print(&quot;Result: &quot;, divide(num1, num2))<\/p>\n<p>    else:<\/p>\n<p>        print(&quot;Invalid input&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e03\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u8d44\u6e90<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>7.1\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u5728\u7ebf\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u514d\u8d39\u7684Python\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982Coursera\u3001edX\u548cUdacity\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bfe\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u6db5\u76d6Python\u57fa\u7840\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>7.2\u3001\u4e66\u7c4d<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u63a8\u8350\u7684Python\u4e66\u7c4d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u300aPython\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b &#8211; Eric Matthes<\/li>\n<li>\u300a\u6d41\u7545\u7684Python\u300b &#8211; Luciano Ramalho<\/li>\n<li>\u300aPython Cookbook\u300b &#8211; David Beazley \u548c Brian K. Jones<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>7.3\u3001\u793e\u533a\u548c\u8bba\u575b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u52a0\u5165Python\u793e\u533a\u548c\u8bba\u575b\uff0c\u5982Stack 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