{"id":1133763,"date":"2025-01-08T21:09:31","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T13:09:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1133763.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T21:09:33","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T13:09:33","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%b7%b3%e8%bd%ac%e5%88%b0%e4%b8%8a%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e7%aa%97%e5%8f%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1133763.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982tkinter<\/code>\u3001PyQt<\/code>\u3001selenium<\/code>\u7b49\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e93\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u3001Web\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 tkinter<\/code> \u8df3\u8f6c\u7a97\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528tkinter<\/code>\u5f00\u53d1\u684c\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u5207\u6362\u56de\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import tkinter as tk<\/p>\n
def open_new_window():<\/p>\n
    new_window = tk.Toplevel(root)<\/p>\n
    new_window.title("New Window")<\/p>\n
    new_window.geometry("200x200")<\/p>\n
    tk.Label(new_window, text="This is a new window").pack()<\/p>\n
root = tk.Tk()<\/p>\n
root.title("MAI<\/a>n Window")<\/p>\n
root.geometry("400x400")<\/p>\n
tk.Button(root, text="Open New Window", command=open_new_window).pack()<\/p>\n
root.mainloop()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8df3\u8f6c\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6309\u94ae\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u4e3b\u7a97\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def open_new_window():<\/p>\n
    new_window = tk.Toplevel(root)<\/p>\n
    new_window.title("New Window")<\/p>\n
    new_window.geometry("200x200")<\/p>\n
    tk.Label(new_window, text="This is a new window").pack()<\/p>\n
    tk.Button(new_window, text="Back to Main Window", command=new_window.destroy).pack()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 PyQt<\/code> \u8df3\u8f6c\u7a97\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728PyQt<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e24\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7c7b\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u5207\u6362\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QPushButton, QLabel, QVBoxLayout, QWidget<\/p>\n
class MainWindow(QMainWindow):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("Main Window")<\/p>\n
        self.setGeometry(200, 200, 400, 300)<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("Open New Window", self)<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(self.open_new_window)<\/p>\n
        self.setCentralWidget(button)<\/p>\n
    def open_new_window(self):<\/p>\n
        self.new_window = NewWindow()<\/p>\n
        self.new_window.show()<\/p>\n
class NewWindow(QMainWindow):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        super().__init__()<\/p>\n
        self.setWindowTitle("New Window")<\/p>\n
        self.setGeometry(400, 200, 300, 200)<\/p>\n
        button = QPushButton("Back to Main Window", self)<\/p>\n
        button.clicked.connect(self.close_window)<\/p>\n
        self.setCentralWidget(button)<\/p>\n
    def close_window(self):<\/p>\n
        self.close()<\/p>\n
app = QApplication([])<\/p>\n
main_window = MainWindow()<\/p>\n
main_window.show()<\/p>\n
app.exec_()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 selenium<\/code> \u8df3\u8f6c\u7a97\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5207\u6362\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7a97\u53e3\u6216\u6807\u7b7e\u9875<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Web\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u4e2d\uff0cselenium<\/code>\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7a97\u53e3\u6216\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u6216\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
Open first URL<\/strong><\/h2>\n
driver.get('http:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
first_window = driver.current_window_handle<\/p>\n
Open new window<\/strong><\/h2>\n
driver.execute_script("window.open('http:\/\/example.org');")<\/p>\n
new_window = [window for window in driver.window_handles if window != first_window][0]<\/p>\n
Switch to new window<\/strong><\/h2>\n
driver.switch_to.window(new_window)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5207\u6362\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4ece\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528switch_to.window()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# Switch back to first window<\/p>\n
driver.switch_to.window(first_window)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u6ce8\u610f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5173\u95ed\u7a97\u53e3\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8etkinter<\/code>\u548cPyQt<\/code>\uff0c\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u5173\u95ed\u65f6\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9500\u6bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u79bb\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6df7\u6dc6\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u591a\u7a97\u53e3\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u6d41\u7545\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u6309\u94ae\u548c\u63d0\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u7a97\u53e3\u76f8\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728PyQt<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7c7b\u5355\u72ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5982asyncio<\/code>\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u5e94\u7528\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u591a\u7a97\u53e3\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u8df3\u8f6c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728tkinter<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Toplevel<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528destroy<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff1b\u5728PyQt<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7c7b\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528show<\/code>\u548cclose<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\uff1b\u5728selenium<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7switch_to.window()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7a97\u53e3\u6216\u6807\u7b7e\u9875\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u3002\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u591a\u7a97\u53e3\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56fe\u5f62\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff08GUI\uff09\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u6309\u94ae\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u63a7\u4ef6\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u663e\u793a\u4e0e\u9690\u85cf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528withdraw()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u9690\u85cf\u5f53\u524d\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528deiconify()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u793a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Tkinter\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff1f<\/strong>
\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5982\u6253\u5f00\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u6216\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u5b58\u50a8\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u5207\u6362\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u65f6\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982tkinter\u3001PyQt\u3001selenium\u7b49\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5177 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1133768,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1133763"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1133763"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1133763\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1133772,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1133763\/revisions\/1133772"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1133768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1133763"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1133763"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1133763"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}