{"id":1138573,"date":"2025-01-08T22:01:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:01:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1138573.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T22:01:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:01:19","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%af%bc%e5%85%a5%e5%8f%a6%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e7%b1%bb%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1138573.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528from...import...<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u548cfrom...import...<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amy_module.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7bMyClass<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. import my_module<\/code>\uff1a\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528my_module.MyClass<\/code>\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. from my_module import MyClass<\/code>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528MyClass<\/code>\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n

    \u4e00\u3001IMPORT \u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6my_module.py<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    # my_module.py<\/p>\n
    class MyClass:<\/p>\n
        def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
            self.value = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
        def display(self):<\/p>\n
            print(self.value)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528MyClass<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # mAI<\/a>n.py<\/p>\n
    import my_module<\/p>\n
    obj = my_module.MyClass()<\/p>\n
    obj.display()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528import my_module<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7my_module.MyClass<\/code>\u8bbf\u95eeMyClass<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4f46\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u524d\u7f00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001FROM…IMPORT \u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528from...import...<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u540c\u6837\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6my_module.py<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # my_module.py<\/p>\n
    class MyClass:<\/p>\n
        def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
            self.value = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
        def display(self):<\/p>\n
            print(self.value)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528MyClass<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # main.py<\/p>\n
    from my_module import MyClass<\/p>\n
    obj = MyClass()<\/p>\n
    obj.display()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528from my_module import MyClass<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86MyClass<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u524d\u7f00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528from...import...<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u5165\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f46\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u5982\u679c\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u9020\u6210\u547d\u540d\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u5728\u590d\u6742\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5305\u548c\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5bfc\u5165\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    my_project\/<\/p>\n
        \u251c\u2500\u2500 main.py<\/p>\n
        \u251c\u2500\u2500 package\/<\/p>\n
        \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 __init__.py<\/p>\n
        \u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 module_a.py<\/p>\n
        \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 module_b.py<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    module_a.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7bClassA<\/code>\uff0cmodule_b.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7bClassB<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5bfc\u5165\u540c\u4e00\u5305\u5185\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728module_b.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165module_a.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684ClassA<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # module_b.py<\/p>\n
    from .module_a import ClassA<\/p>\n
    class ClassB:<\/p>\n
        def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
            self.instance_a = ClassA()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u5305\u5185\u7684module_a<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165ClassA<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5bfc\u5165\u4e0d\u540c\u5305\u5185\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5728main.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165package<\/code>\u5305\u5185\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # main.py<\/p>\n
    from package.module_a import ClassA<\/p>\n
    from package.module_b import ClassB<\/p>\n
    obj_a = ClassA()<\/p>\n
    obj_b = ClassB()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u4ecepackage<\/code>\u5305\u5185\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5bfc\u5165ClassA<\/code>\u548cClassB<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u8def\u5f84\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528sys.path<\/code>\u6765\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    my_project\/<\/p>\n
        \u251c\u2500\u2500 main.py<\/p>\n
        \u2514\u2500\u2500 external_modules\/<\/p>\n
            \u2514\u2500\u2500 my_module.py<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728main.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u5e76\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # main.py<\/p>\n
    import sys<\/p>\n
    import os<\/p>\n
    \u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'external_modules'))<\/p>\n
    from my_module import MyClass<\/p>\n
    obj = MyClass()<\/p>\n
    obj.display()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528sys.path.append<\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86external_modules<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u5230Python\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5bfc\u5165\u4e86my_module<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684MyClass<\/code>\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u5bfc\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u548cfrom...import...<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728\u590d\u6742\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7sys.path<\/code>\u6dfb\u52a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u8def\u5f84\u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f60\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5728\u8bc4\u8bba\u533a\u7559\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528import<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amy_class.py<\/code>\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aMyClass<\/code>\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7from my_class import MyClass<\/code>\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u8be5\u7c7b\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u9002\u7684Python\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u76f8\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u4f7f\u7528\u70b9\uff08.\uff09\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5305\u6216\u7236\u5305\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cfrom .my_class import MyClass<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u540c\u4e00\u5305\u4e2d\u7684my_class<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165MyClass<\/code>\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u5bfc\u5165\u5219\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5305\u540d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8de8\u5305\u5bfc\u5165\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5bfc\u5165\u65f6\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u51b2\u7a81\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u6a21\u5757\u51b2\u7a81\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u7c7b\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u540d\u5bfc\u5165\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982import my_class as mc<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528mc.MyClass<\/code>\u6765\u5f15\u7528\u8be5\u7c7b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6a21\u5757\u4ea7\u751f\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u7684\u547d\u540d\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e5f\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528import\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u4f7f\u7528from…import…\u8bed\u53e5\u3001 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1138582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1138573"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1138573"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1138573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1138586,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1138573\/revisions\/1138586"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1138582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1138573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1138573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1138573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}