{"id":1141449,"date":"2025-01-08T22:31:16","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:31:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1141449.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T22:31:19","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:31:19","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%be%93%e5%87%ba%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e7%ac%ac%e4%ba%8c%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1141449.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5143\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8f93\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5143\u7d20\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/strong> \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662f1\u3002\u8981\u8f93\u51fa\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528print<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u7d22\u5f151\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u6253\u5370\u5b83\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]<\/p>\n
print(my_list[1])  # \u8f93\u51fa: 20<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8Python\u5217\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ca\u5176\u5404\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u4e2a\u9879\u3002\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6574\u6570\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5217\u8868\u662f\u53ef\u53d8\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u7684\u521b\u5efa<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u503c\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u62ec\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
mixed = [1, 'apple', 3.14, [2, 'banana']]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528append()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u5217\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fruits.append('orange')<\/p>\n
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5220\u9664\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528remove()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fruits.remove('banana')<\/p>\n
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'cherry', 'orange']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(fruits[0])  # 'apple'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u6b63\u5411\u7d22\u5f15<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cPython\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662f0\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u662f1\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(fruits[1])  # 'banana'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8d1f\u5411\u7d22\u5f15<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d1f\u6570\u7d22\u5f15\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c-1\u8868\u793a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c-2\u8868\u793a\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(fruits[-1])  # 'orange'<\/p>\n
print(fruits[-2])  # 'cherry'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u8d85\u51fa\u8303\u56f4\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1IndexError<\/code>\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u5217\u8868\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
if len(fruits) > 1:<\/p>\n
    print(fruits[1])<\/p>\n
else:<\/p>\n
    print("\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5b50\u5217\u8868\u7684\u63d0\u53d6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u3002\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662flist[start:end:step]<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dstart<\/code>\u662f\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cend<\/code>\u662f\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\uff0cstep<\/code>\u662f\u6b65\u957f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sublist = fruits[1:3]<\/p>\n
print(sublist)  # ['banana', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5217\u8868\u7406\u89e3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662f[expression for item in iterable]<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
squares = [x2 for x in range(10)]<\/p>\n
print(squares)  # [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5176\u4ed6\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5d4c\u5957\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
matrix = [<\/p>\n
    [1, 2, 3],<\/p>\n
    [4, 5, 6],<\/p>\n
    [7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
print(matrix[1][1])  # 5<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
append()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5217\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fruits.append('grape')<\/p>\n
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange', 'grape']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
insert()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fruits.insert(1, 'blueberry')<\/p>\n
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'blueberry', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
remove()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u79fb\u9664\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fruits.remove('banana')<\/p>\n
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'blueberry', 'cherry', 'orange']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
pop()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u79fb\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\uff0c\u5219\u79fb\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
last_fruit = fruits.pop()<\/p>\n
print(last_fruit)  # 'orange'<\/p>\n
print(fruits)  # ['apple', 'blueberry', 'cherry']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
index()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u5f15\u53d1ValueError<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
index = fruits.index('blueberry')<\/p>\n
print(index)  # 1<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
count()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
count = fruits.count('apple')<\/p>\n
print(count)  # 1<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
sort()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5c31\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers = [4, 2, 9, 1]<\/p>\n
numbers.sort()<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # [1, 2, 4, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
reverse()<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53cd\u8f6c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
numbers.reverse()<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # [9, 4, 2, 1]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6216\u9891\u7e41\u64cd\u4f5c\u5217\u8868\u65f6\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5217\u8868\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u7279\u6027\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u5217\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n