{"id":1142468,"date":"2025-01-08T22:40:27","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:40:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1142468.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T22:40:29","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T14:40:29","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%b0%86python%e4%ba%8c%e7%bb%b4%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e5%ad%98%e5%85%a5%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1142468.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\"<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u62ec\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\uff08\u5982MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001SQLite\u7b49\uff09\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u9891\u7387\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u91cf\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u3002MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u591a\u6570\u573a\u666f\u3002SQLite\u5219\u9002\u5408\u5c0f\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u5f00\u53d1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u56e0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee5MySQL\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;<\/p>\n
USE mydatabase;<\/p>\n
CREATE TABLE mytable (<\/p>\n
    id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,<\/p>\n
    key1 VARCHAR(255),<\/p>\n
    key2 VARCHAR(255),<\/p>\n
    value TEXT<\/p>\n
);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0SQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e2d\uff0cid<\/code>\u662f\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u952e\uff0ckey1<\/code>\u548ckey2<\/code>\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\uff0cvalue<\/code>\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff08\u5982mysql-connector-python<\/code>\u3001psycopg2<\/code>\u3001sqlite3<\/code>\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5mysql-connector-python<\/code>\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install mysql-connector-python<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528mysql-connector-python<\/code>\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import mysql.connector<\/p>\n
def connect_to_database():<\/p>\n
    conn = mysql.connector.connect(<\/p>\n
        host="localhost",<\/p>\n
        user="yourusername",<\/p>\n
        password="yourpassword",<\/p>\n
        database="mydatabase"<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    return conn<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5e76\u6267\u884cINSERT\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
data = {<\/p>\n
    "key1_1": {"key2_1": "value1_1", "key2_2": "value1_2"},<\/p>\n
    "key1_2": {"key2_1": "value2_1", "key2_2": "value2_2"}<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
def insert_data(conn, data):<\/p>\n
    cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
    for key1, subdict in data.items():<\/p>\n
        for key2, value in subdict.items():<\/p>\n
            sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (key1, key2, value) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)"<\/p>\n
            val = (key1, key2, value)<\/p>\n
            cursor.execute(sql, val)<\/p>\n
    conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6355\u83b7\u5f02\u5e38<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    conn = connect_to_database()<\/p>\n
    insert_data(conn, data)<\/p>\n
except mysql.connector.Error as err:<\/p>\n
    print(f"Error: {err}")<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    if conn.is_connected():<\/p>\n
        conn.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\u3002\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u6267\u884cINSERT\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6570\u636e\u63d2\u5165\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def insert_data_bulk(conn, data):<\/p>\n
    cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
    sql = "INSERT INTO mytable (key1, key2, value) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)"<\/p>\n
    val = [(key1, key2, value) for key1, subdict in data.items() for key2, value in subdict.items()]<\/p>\n
    cursor.executemany(sql, val)<\/p>\n
    conn.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u6846\u67b6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5982SQLAlchemy\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Table, Column, Integer, String, MetaData<\/p>\n
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker<\/p>\n
engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector:\/\/yourusername:yourpassword@localhost\/mydatabase')<\/p>\n
metadata = MetaData()<\/p>\n
mytable = Table('mytable', metadata,<\/p>\n
    Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True),<\/p>\n
    Column('key1', String(255)),<\/p>\n
    Column('key2', String(255)),<\/p>\n
    Column('value', String(255))<\/p>\n
)<\/p>\n
metadata.create_all(engine)<\/p>\n
Session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)<\/p>\n
session = Session()<\/p>\n
def insert_data_orm(data):<\/p>\n
    for key1, subdict in data.items():<\/p>\n
        for key2, value in subdict.items():<\/p>\n
            ins = mytable.insert().values(key1=key1, key2=key2, value=value)<\/p>\n
            conn.execute(ins)<\/p>\n
    session.commit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u5e76\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6279\u91cf\u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528ORM\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5e93\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5c06Python\u4e2d\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5c06Python\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u9002\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u6216\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5143\u7ec4\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4fbf\u4e8e\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u4e8c\u7ef4\u5b57\u5178\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1f<\/strong>
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