{"id":1149231,"date":"2025-01-13T16:47:05","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T08:47:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1149231.html"},"modified":"2025-01-13T16:47:07","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T08:47:07","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%a3%80%e7%b4%a2%e6%95%b4%e4%b8%aa%e7%9b%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1149231.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u7d22\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u7d22\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\"<\/p>\n

Python\u68c0\u7d22\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001os.walk\u51fd\u6570\u3001glob\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4ee5\u53capathlib\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u3002os\u6a21\u5757\u3001os.walk\u51fd\u6570\u3001glob\u6a21\u5757\u3001pathlib\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u90fd\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u5c55\u5f00\u5176\u4e2d\u7684os\u6a21\u5757\u548cos.walk\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001OS\u6a21\u5757\u548cOS.WALK\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001OS\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

OS\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528OS\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import os<\/p>\n
def scan_directory(path):<\/p>\n
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):<\/p>\n
        for file in files:<\/p>\n
            print(os.path.join(root, file))<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u626b\u63cf\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8<\/strong><\/h2>\n
scan_directory("C:\\\\")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2ascan_directory<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528os.walk<\/code>\u6765\u904d\u5386\u8be5\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002os.walk<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u5143\u7ec4\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5217\u8868\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n
os.walk\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5728\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9010\u5c42\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f7f\u7528os.walk\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001GLOB\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001GLOB\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
GLOB\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eUnix\u7684shell\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u6765\u5339\u914d\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u68c0\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import glob<\/p>\n
def scan_glob(path):<\/p>\n
    for file in glob.glob(path + "\/\/*", recursive=True):<\/p>\n
        print(file)<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u626b\u63cf\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8<\/strong><\/h2>\n
scan_glob("C:\/")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2ascan_glob<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528glob\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684glob<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9arecursive=True<\/code>\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9012\u5f52\u5339\u914d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001PATHLIB\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001PATHLIB\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
PATHLIB\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython 3.4\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u7684API\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
def scan_pathlib(path):<\/p>\n
    for file in Path(path).rglob("*"):<\/p>\n
        print(file)<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u626b\u63cf\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8<\/strong><\/h2>\n
scan_pathlib("C:\/")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2ascan_pathlib<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528PATHLIB\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684Path<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u548crglob<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u9012\u5f52\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u3002rglob<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    os.walk\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\uff1a\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u5c42\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u52a0\u8f7d\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    glob\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7a0d\u5fae\u6162\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    pathlib\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u7684API\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7a0d\u5fae\u6162\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6765\u68c0\u7d22\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u548cos.walk\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\uff0cglob\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800cpathlib\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u7684API\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u76d8\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5168\u76d8\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u548cos.walk()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u904d\u5386\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u8d77\u59cb\u76ee\u5f55\u4e3a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Windows\u4e2d\u4e3aC:\\<\/code>\u6216\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u4e3a\/<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    import os\n\ndef search_files(extension, start_dir):\n    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(start_dir):\n        for file in filenames:\n            if file.endswith(extension):\n                print(os.path.join(dirpath, file))\n\nsearch_files('.txt', '\/')  # \u5728Linux\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u6709.txt\u6587\u4ef6\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u7279\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u641c\u7d22\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u5927\u578b\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528fnmatch<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6743\u9650\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316Python\u5168\u76d8\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4f18\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u9650\u5236\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u6216\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ec5\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u5e93\uff08\u5982whoosh<\/code>\u6216sqlite<\/code>\uff09\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u52a0\u5feb\u68c0\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8bfb\u53d6\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u68c0\u7d22\u6574\u4e2a\u76d8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001os.walk\u51fd\u6570\u3001glob\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4ee5\u53capathlib\u6a21\u5757 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1149234,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1149231"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1149231"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1149231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1149236,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1149231\/revisions\/1149236"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1149234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1149231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1149231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1149231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}