{"id":1153371,"date":"2025-01-13T17:37:49","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T09:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1153371.html"},"modified":"2025-01-13T17:37:51","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T09:37:51","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8f%90%e5%8f%96%e6%af%8f%e4%b8%aa%e5%8d%95%e8%af%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1153371.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\"<\/p>\n

Python \u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u4f7f\u7528 split() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001nltk \u5e93\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 split() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 split() \u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 split() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

split() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u662f Python \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6309\u7167\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0csplit() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u8fdb\u884c\u62c6\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

text = "Hello, this is a sample text."<\/p>\n
words = text.split()<\/p>\n
print(words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello,', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'sample', 'text.']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0csplit() \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6309\u7167\u7a7a\u683c\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u4ecd\u7136\u9644\u5728\u5355\u8bcd\u4e0a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6e05\u7406\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08regular expressions\uff09\u662f\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5339\u914d\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 re \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u62c6\u5206\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
text = "Hello, this is a sample text."<\/p>\n
words = re.findall(r'\\b\\w+\\b', text)<\/p>\n
print(words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'sample', 'text']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \\b\\w+\\b<\/code> \u5339\u914d\u5355\u8bcd\u8fb9\u754c\u5185\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u6216\u6570\u5b57\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 NLTK \u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
NLTK\uff08Natural Language Toolkit\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 NLTK \u63d0\u53d6\u5355\u8bcd\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import nltk<\/p>\n
nltk.download('punkt')<\/p>\n
from nltk.tokenize import word_tokenize<\/p>\n
text = "Hello, this is a sample text."<\/p>\n
words = word_tokenize(text)<\/p>\n
print(words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello', ',', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'sample', 'text', '.']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136 NLTK \u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u4ecd\u5305\u542b\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8fdb\u884c\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u3001\u53e5\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python \u63d0\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002split() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u62c6\u5206\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c NLTK \u5e93<\/strong>\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 split() \u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u53d6\u5355\u8bcd<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
split()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62c6\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u8fdb\u884c\u62c6\u5206\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
text = "Hello, this is a sample text."<\/p>\n
words = text.split()<\/p>\n
print(words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello,', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'sample', 'text.']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 split()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6307\u5b9a\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6309\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
text = "Hello, this is a sample, text."<\/p>\n
words = text.split(',')<\/p>\n
print(words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello', ' this is a sample', ' text.']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53bb\u9664\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136 split()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u53bb\u9664\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6e05\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u53bb\u9664\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import string<\/p>\n
text = "Hello, this is a sample text."<\/p>\n
words = text.split()<\/p>\n
clean_words = [word.strip(string.punctuation) for word in words]<\/p>\n
print(clean_words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'sample', 'text']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
split()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5355\u4e00\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6587\u672c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u53d6\u5355\u8bcd<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5339\u914d\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002Python \u7684 re<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 re.findall()<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
text = "Hello, this is a sample text."<\/p>\n
words = re.findall(r'\\b\\w+\\b', text)<\/p>\n
print(words)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
['Hello', 'this', 'is', 'a', 'sample', 'text']<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f \\b\\w+\\b<\/code> \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n