{"id":1159947,"date":"2025-01-13T18:58:57","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T10:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1159947.html"},"modified":"2025-01-13T18:59:00","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T10:59:00","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89%e5%92%8c%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1159947.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528def\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528return\u8bed\u53e5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/strong> \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528def<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u7f16\u5199\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u901a\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7return<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u4e4b\u548c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

def add(a, b):<\/p>\n
    return a + b<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u63a5\u6536\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
result = add(3, 5)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 8<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdPython\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528def\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528def<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u5305\u62ec\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def greet():<\/p>\n
    print("Hello, World!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3agreet<\/code>\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa"Hello, World!"\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7return<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u901a\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def add(a, b):<\/p>\n
    return a + b<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cadd<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570a<\/code>\u548cb<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u503c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def greet(name="World"):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Hello, {name}!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528greet()<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa"Hello, World!"\uff1b\u8c03\u7528greet("Alice")<\/code>\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa"Hello, Alice!"\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
result = add(3, 5)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 8<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
result = add(a=3, b=5)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 8<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6df7\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
result = add(3, b=5)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 8<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u5141\u8bb8\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u53d7\u53ef\u53d8\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528*args<\/code>\u548ckwargs<\/code>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def sum_all(*args):<\/p>\n
    return sum(args)<\/p>\n
print(sum_all(1, 2, 3, 4))  # \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
*args<\/code>\u4f1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u6253\u5305\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7ec4\uff1bkwargs<\/code>\u4f1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53c2\u6570\u6253\u5305\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def print_info(kwargs):<\/p>\n
    for key, value in kwargs.items():<\/p>\n
        print(f"{key}: {value}")<\/p>\n
print_info(name="Alice", age=30)  # \u8f93\u51fa name: Alice, age: 30<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528def<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528lambda<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
add = lambda a, b: a + b<\/p>\n
print(add(3, 5))  # \u8f93\u51fa 8<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6307\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u5206\u800c\u6cbb\u4e4b\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8ba1\u7b97\u9636\u4e58\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def factorial(n):<\/p>\n
    if n == 1:<\/p>\n
        return 1<\/p>\n
    else:<\/p>\n
        return n * factorial(n - 1)<\/p>\n
print(factorial(5))  # \u8f93\u51fa 120<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548c\u95ed\u5305<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u57df<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u54ea\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\uff1b\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 10  # \u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
def func():<\/p>\n
    x = 5  # \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
    print(x)  # \u8f93\u51fa 5<\/p>\n
func()<\/p>\n
print(x)  # \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528global<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u4fee\u6539\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 10<\/p>\n
def func():<\/p>\n
    global x<\/p>\n
    x = 5<\/p>\n
func()<\/p>\n
print(x)  # \u8f93\u51fa 5<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u95ed\u5305<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u95ed\u5305\u662f\u6307\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def outer_func(x):<\/p>\n
    def inner_func(y):<\/p>\n
        return x + y<\/p>\n
    return inner_func<\/p>\n
add_10 = outer_func(10)<\/p>\n
print(add_10(5))  # \u8f93\u51fa 15<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0cinner_func<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ed\u5305\uff0c\u5b83\u5f15\u7528\u4e86outer_func<\/code>\u7684\u53d8\u91cfx<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u662fPython\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u88c5\u9970\u5668<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def my_decorator(func):<\/p>\n
    def wrapper():<\/p>\n
        print("Something is happening before the function is called.")<\/p>\n
        func()<\/p>\n
        print("Something is happening after the function is called.")<\/p>\n
    return wrapper<\/p>\n
@my_decorator<\/p>\n
def say_hello():<\/p>\n
    print("Hello!")<\/p>\n
say_hello()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cmy_decorator<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5728say_hello<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e86\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6253\u5370\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u6743\u9650\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u88c5\u9970\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
def timer_decorator(func):<\/p>\n
    def wrapper(*args, kwargs):<\/p>\n
        start_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
        result = func(*args, kwargs)<\/p>\n
        end_time = time.time()<\/p>\n
        print(f"Function {func.__name__} took {end_time - start_time} seconds to execute.")<\/p>\n
        return result<\/p>\n
    return wrapper<\/p>\n
@timer_decorator<\/p>\n
def slow_function():<\/p>\n
    time.sleep(2)<\/p>\n
    print("Function finished.")<\/p>\n
slow_function()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0ctimer_decorator<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86slow_function<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0cPython\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\u3002\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5192\u53f7:<\/code>\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def greet(name: str):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Hello, {name}!")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c2\u6570name<\/code>\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u88ab\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32str<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7bad\u5934-><\/code>\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:<\/p>\n
    return a + b<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fd\u6570add<\/code>\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u88ab\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e3a\u6574\u6570int<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982mypy<\/code>\uff09\u6765\u9759\u6001\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u88abmypy<\/code>\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:<\/p>\n
    return a + b<\/p>\n
result = add(3, "5")  # "5" \u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Python\u652f\u6301\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6307\u63a5\u53d7\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u8fd4\u56de\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def apply_func(func, value):<\/p>\n
    return func(value)<\/p>\n
def square(x):<\/p>\n
    return x * x<\/p>\n
result = apply_func(square, 5)<\/p>\n
print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa 25<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0capply_func<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570func<\/code>\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u503cvalue<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56defunc(value)<\/code>\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9ad8\u9636\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982map<\/code>\u3001filter<\/code>\u548creduce<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • map<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n
    squared_numbers = map(lambda x: x * x, numbers)<\/p>\n
    print(list(squared_numbers))  # \u8f93\u51fa [1, 4, 9, 16]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • filter<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fc7\u6ee4\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n
      even_numbers = filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers)<\/p>\n
      print(list(even_numbers))  # \u8f93\u51fa [2, 4]<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      • reduce<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5f52\u7ea6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        from functools import reduce<\/p>\n
        numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n
        sum_of_numbers = reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, numbers)<\/p>\n
        print(sum_of_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        3\u3001\u95ed\u5305\u548c\u67ef\u91cc\u5316<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
        \u95ed\u5305\u548c\u67ef\u91cc\u5316\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u95ed\u5305\uff1a\u95ed\u5305\u662f\u6307\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5185\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          def make_adder(x):<\/p>\n
              def adder(y):<\/p>\n
                  return x + y<\/p>\n
              return adder<\/p>\n
          add_10 = make_adder(10)<\/p>\n
          print(add_10(5))  # \u8f93\u51fa 15<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u67ef\u91cc\u5316\uff1a\u67ef\u91cc\u5316\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53d7\u591a\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u63a5\u53d7\u5355\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67ef\u91cc\u5316\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            def curry_add(a):<\/p>\n
                def add_b(b):<\/p>\n
                    return a + b<\/p>\n
                return add_b<\/p>\n
            add_5 = curry_add(5)<\/p>\n
            print(add_5(3))  # \u8f93\u51fa 8<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u516b\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5bfc\u5165\u4efb\u4f55\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4ece\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u5230\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            1\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
            Python\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982abs<\/code>\u3001max<\/code>\u3001min<\/code>\u3001sum<\/code>\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            • abs<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              print(abs(-5))  # \u8f93\u51fa 5<\/p>\n
              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              • max<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                print(max(1, 2, 3, 4))  # \u8f93\u51fa 4<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • min<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                  print(min(1, 2, 3, 4))  # \u8f93\u51fa 1<\/p>\n
                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  • sum<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u7684\u548c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                    print(sum([1, 2, 3, 4]))  # \u8f93\u51fa 10<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    2\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
                    Python\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982int<\/code>\u3001float<\/code>\u3001str<\/code>\u3001list<\/code>\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                      \n
                    • int<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6574\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                      print(int("123"))  # \u8f93\u51fa 123<\/p>\n
                      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                        \n
                      • float<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                        print(float("123.45"))  # \u8f93\u51fa 123.45<\/p>\n
                        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                          \n
                        • str<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                          print(str(123))  # \u8f93\u51fa "123"<\/p>\n
                          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                            \n
                          • list<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                            print(list("abc"))  # \u8f93\u51fa ['a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
                            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                            3\u3001\u8fed\u4ee3\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
                            Python\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fed\u4ee3\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5982range<\/code>\u3001enumerate<\/code>\u3001zip<\/code>\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                              \n
                            • range<\/code>\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u5217\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                              print(list(range(5)))  # \u8f93\u51fa [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n
                              <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                \n
                              • enumerate<\/code>\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u679a\u4e3e\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u503c\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                for index, value in enumerate(['a', 'b', 'c']):<\/p>\n
                                    print(index, value)<\/p>\n
                                \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                0 a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                1 b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                2 c<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                  \n
                                • zip<\/code>\uff1a\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u6253\u5305\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
                                  numbers = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
                                  letters = ['a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
                                  print(list(zip(numbers, letters)))  # \u8f93\u51fa [(1, 'a'), (2, 'b'), (3, 'c')]<\/p>\n
                                  <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                                  \u4e5d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                  Python\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0cPython\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u7279\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6587\u5bf9\u4f60\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528Python\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                                  \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                                   \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff1f<\/strong>
                                  \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528def<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u540e\u8ddf\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u548c\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u51fd\u6570\u4f53\u9700\u8981\u7f29\u8fdb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
                                  def greet(name):\n    print(f"Hello, {name}!")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                  \u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570name<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u95ee\u5019\u8bed\u3002\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u5e76\u4f20\u5165\u6240\u9700\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1agreet("Alice")<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
                                  \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>
                                  \u662f\u7684\uff0cPython\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u7701\u7565\u67d0\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
                                  def greet(name="Guest"):\n    print(f"Hello, {name}!")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                  \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528greet()<\/code>\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662fHello, Guest!<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528greet("Alice")<\/code>\uff0c\u5219\u8f93\u51fa\u5c06\u662fHello, Alice!<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
                                  \u5982\u4f55\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\uff1f<\/strong>
                                  \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528return<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4ece\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u5b57\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a  <\/p>\n
                                  def add(a, b):\n    return a + b\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                                  \u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\uff1aresult = add(5, 3)<\/code>\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6result<\/code>\u7684\u503c\u4e3a8<\/code>\u3002\u4f7f\u7528return<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u4f7f\u5f97\u51fd\u6570\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528def\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528return\u8bed\u53e5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1159957,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1159947"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1159947"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1159947\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1159961,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1159947\/revisions\/1159961"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1159957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1159947"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1159947"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1159947"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}