{"id":1162336,"date":"2025-01-13T19:27:24","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T11:27:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1162336.html"},"modified":"2025-01-13T19:27:27","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T11:27:27","slug":"python%e5%86%99%e7%9a%84%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8d%87%e7%ba%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1162336.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5199\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u5347\u7ea7"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5199\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u5347\u7ea7\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5199\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u5347\u7ea7\uff1f<\/strong>\u8981\u8fdb\u884cPython\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Git\uff09\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u90fd\u88ab\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u65b9\u4fbf\u56de\u6eda\u548c\u5408\u5e76\u5206\u652f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u652f\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002\u5206\u652f\u7b56\u7565\uff08\u5982Gitflow\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f8\u4e92\u5e72\u6270\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u6807\u8bb0\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u5e03\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u591a\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u534f\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u3002Git\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6700\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Git\u8fdb\u884c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5206\u652f\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5408\u5e76\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Git\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u53d8\u66f4\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u968f\u65f6\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5386\u53f2\u7248\u672c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u5730\u63d0\u4ea4\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u8ffd\u6eaf\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u4fee\u590d\u662f\u7531\u8c01\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2aGit\u4ed3\u5e93<\/p>\n
git init<\/p>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u6682\u5b58\u533a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
git add .<\/p>\n
\u63d0\u4ea4\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u672c\u5730\u4ed3\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
git commit -m "Initial commit"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5206\u652f\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5206\u652f\u662fGit\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u652f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u652f\u7b56\u7565\u6709Gitflow\u3001GitHub Flow\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5206\u652f<\/p>\n
git branch feature\/new-feature<\/p>\n
\u5207\u6362\u5230\u65b0\u5206\u652f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
git checkout feature\/new-feature<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u5408\u5e76\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e3b\u5206\u652f\u3002\u5408\u5e76\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u624b\u52a8\u89e3\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e3b\u5206\u652f<\/p>\n
git checkout mAI<\/a>n<\/p>\n
\u5408\u5e76\u5206\u652f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
git merge feature\/new-feature<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u9879\u76ee\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9879\u76ee\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u6709pip\u3001pipenv\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pip\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pip\u662fPython\u5b98\u65b9\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93<\/p>\n
pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n
\u751f\u6210requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
pip freeze > requirements.txt<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pipenv\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pipenv\u662fpip\u548cvirtualenv\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\u4f53\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u548c\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7Pipfile\u548cPipfile.lock\u6587\u4ef6\u8bb0\u5f55\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93<\/p>\n
pipenv install requests<\/p>\n
\u751f\u6210Pipfile.lock\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
pipenv lock<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\u5feb\u901f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u6709unittest\u3001pytest\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528unittest\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
unittest\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627funittest.TestCase\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestMath(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def test_add(self):<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(1 + 1, 2)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    unittest.main()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pytest\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pytest\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7f16\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def test_add():<\/p>\n
    assert 1 + 1 == 2<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/p>\n
pytest<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u65b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6587\u6863\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u7528\u6237\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6587\u6863\u5de5\u5177\u6709Sphinx\u3001MkDocs\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Sphinx\u751f\u6210\u6587\u6863<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Sphinx\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210API\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210HTML\u3001PDF\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5Sphinx<\/p>\n
pip install sphinx<\/p>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316Sphinx\u9879\u76ee<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sphinx-quickstart<\/p>\n
\u751f\u6210HTML\u6587\u6863<\/strong><\/h2>\n
make html<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528MkDocs\u751f\u6210\u6587\u6863<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
MkDocs\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u7528\u7684\u6587\u6863\u751f\u6210\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u652f\u6301Markdown\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u9759\u6001\u7ad9\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5MkDocs<\/p>\n
pip install mkdocs<\/p>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316MkDocs\u9879\u76ee<\/strong><\/h2>\n
mkdocs new my-project<\/p>\n
\u751f\u6210\u9759\u6001\u7ad9\u70b9<\/strong><\/h2>\n
mkdocs build<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff08CI\uff09\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\uff08CD\uff09\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684CI\/CD<\/a>\u5de5\u5177\u6709Jenkins\u3001GitLab CI\u3001GitHub Actions\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Jenkins\u8fdb\u884cCI\/CD<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Jenkins\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5Jenkins<\/p>\n
brew install jenkins<\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8Jenkins<\/strong><\/h2>\n
jenkins<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528GitLab CI\u8fdb\u884cCI\/CD<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
GitLab CI\u662fGitLab\u5185\u7f6e\u7684CI\/CD\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199.gitlab-ci.yml\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
stages:<\/p>\n
  - build<\/p>\n
  - test<\/p>\n
  - deploy<\/p>\n
build:<\/p>\n
  stage: build<\/p>\n
  script:<\/p>\n
    - make build<\/p>\n
test:<\/p>\n
  stage: test<\/p>\n
  script:<\/p>\n
    - make test<\/p>\n
deploy:<\/p>\n
  stage: deploy<\/p>\n
  script:<\/p>\n
    - make deploy<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528GitHub Actions\u8fdb\u884cCI\/CD<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
GitHub Actions\u662fGitHub\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684CI\/CD\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199workflow\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
name: CI<\/p>\n
on:<\/p>\n
  push:<\/p>\n
    branches:<\/p>\n
      - main<\/p>\n
jobs:<\/p>\n
  build:<\/p>\n
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest<\/p>\n
    steps:<\/p>\n
      - uses: actions\/checkout@v2<\/p>\n
      - name: Set up Python<\/p>\n
        uses: actions\/setup-python@v2<\/p>\n
        with:<\/p>\n
          python-version: 3.8<\/p>\n
      - name: Install dependencies<\/p>\n
        run: pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n
      - name: Run tests<\/p>\n
        run: pytest<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u68c0\u67e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u6709Pylint\u3001Flake8\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5Pylint<\/p>\n
pip install pylint<\/p>\n
\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n
pylint my_project<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f9d\u8d56\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u6d4b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\u6709SAFe<\/a>ty\u3001Bandit\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5Safety<\/p>\n
pip install safety<\/p>\n
\u68c0\u67e5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong><\/h2>\n
safety check<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406<\/a>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u4f18\u5316\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
squared_numbers = [x  2 for x in range(10)]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u3001CPU\u7b49\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n
with open('file.txt', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
    content = file.read()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u662f\u6539\u8fdb\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u75db\u70b9\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u3001\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u8bba\u575b\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u610f\u89c1\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u5171\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u7248\u672c\u53d1\u5e03<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7248\u672c\u53d1\u5e03\u662f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u548c\u7528\u6237\u6e05\u6670\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53d8\u66f4\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u6709\u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u53f7\uff08Semantic Versioning\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bed\u4e49\u5316\u7248\u672c\u53f7<\/p>\n
MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u5e03\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\u5305\u62ec\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u9884\u53d1\u5e03\u548c\u6b63\u5f0f\u53d1\u5e03\u7b49\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6587\u6863\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u548c\u7248\u672c\u53d1\u5e03\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73af\u8282\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u6211\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7ea7\u7684Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5347\u7ea7Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5176\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5217\u51fa\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u4f1a\u8bf4\u660e\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6539\u8fdb\u3001bug\u4fee\u590d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4fdd\u6301\u5173\u6ce8\u8f6f\u4ef6\u793e\u533a\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e5f\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5347\u7ea7Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u5347\u7ea7Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u68c0\u67e5\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u73b0\u6709\u73af\u5883\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3001Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u652f\u6301\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5e2e\u52a9\u5347\u7ea7Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong>
\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5347\u7ea7Python\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pip<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u66f4\u65b0\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e93\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cvirtualenv<\/code>\u6216conda<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u60a8\u521b\u5efa\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u5168\u5c40\u73af\u5883\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5347\u7ea7\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u5199\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u5347\u7ea7\uff1f\u8981\u8fdb\u884cPython\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1162341,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1162336"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1162336"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1162336\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1162344,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1162336\/revisions\/1162344"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1162341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1162336"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1162336"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1162336"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}