{"id":1163967,"date":"2025-01-15T15:01:07","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T07:01:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1163967.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T15:01:10","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T07:01:10","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%89%93%e5%8c%85%e7%bb%99java%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1163967.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5305\u7ed9java\u8c03\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u6253\u5305\u7ed9java\u8c03\u7528\"<\/p>\n

Python\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6253\u5305\u7ed9Java\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528Py4J\u3001Jython\u3001RESTful API\u3001gRPC\u7b49\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Py4J<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002Py4J\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba9Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0eJava\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8Java\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Py4J<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5728Java\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff08JVM\uff09\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5728Python\u548cJava\u4e4b\u95f4\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u5173\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Java\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528Python\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cJava\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Py4J<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Py4J<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Py4J\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install py4j<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u88abJava\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aPy4J\u7f51\u5173\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from py4j.java_gateway import JavaGateway, GatewayServer<\/p>\n
class PythonClass:<\/p>\n
    def say_hello(self, name):<\/p>\n
        return f"Hello, {name}!"<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__mAI<\/a>n__":<\/p>\n
    gateway = GatewayServer(port=25333)<\/p>\n
    gateway.start()<\/p>\n
    python_class = PythonClass()<\/p>\n
    gateway.java_gateway_server.entry_point.setPythonClass(python_class)<\/p>\n
    input("Press any key to exit\\n")<\/p>\n
    gateway.shutdown()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Java\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7Py4J\u7f51\u5173\u6765\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import py4j.GatewayServer;<\/p>\n
public class JavaClass {<\/p>\n
    private PythonClass pythonClass;<\/p>\n
    public void setPythonClass(PythonClass pythonClass) {<\/p>\n
        this.pythonClass = pythonClass;<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    public static void main(String[] args) {<\/p>\n
        JavaClass app = new JavaClass();<\/p>\n
        GatewayServer server = new GatewayServer(app);<\/p>\n
        server.start();<\/p>\n
        System.out.println("Gateway Server Started");<\/p>\n
        String result = app.pythonClass.sayHello("Java");<\/p>\n
        System.out.println(result);<\/p>\n
        server.shutdown();<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u542f\u52a8Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aPy4J\u7f51\u5173\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u542f\u52a8Java\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Py4J\u7f51\u5173\u5e76\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u786e\u4fddPython\u548cJava\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n
    • Py4J\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u9ad8\u9891\u8c03\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Jython<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5b89\u88c5Jython<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      Jython\u662fPython\u8bed\u8a00\u7684Java\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728Java\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceJython\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5Jython\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528Jython\u8fd0\u884cPython\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7Jython\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728Java\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8c03\u7528Python\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import org.python.util.PythonInterpreter;<\/p>\n
      public class JavaClass {<\/p>\n
          public static void main(String[] args) {<\/p>\n
              PythonInterpreter interpreter = new PythonInterpreter();<\/p>\n
              interpreter.exec("print('Hello from Python')");<\/p>\n
              interpreter.exec("def say_hello(name): return f'Hello, {name}!'");<\/p>\n
              String result = interpreter.eval("repr(say_hello('Java'))").toString();<\/p>\n
              System.out.println(result);<\/p>\n
          }<\/p>\n
      }<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      • Jython\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6240\u6709\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eC\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n
      • Jython\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u539f\u751fPython\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u654f\u611f\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528RESTful API<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
        \u521b\u5efaPython RESTful API<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u6216FastAPI\u7b49\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython RESTful API\uff0c\u4f9bJava\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        from flask import Flask, request, jsonify<\/p>\n
        app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
        @app.route('\/say_hello', methods=['GET'])<\/p>\n
        def say_hello():<\/p>\n
            name = request.args.get('name')<\/p>\n
            return jsonify({'message': f'Hello, {name}!'})<\/p>\n
        if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
            app.run(port=5000)<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        Java\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528RESTful API<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528HttpURLConnection\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff08\u5982Apache HttpClient\uff09\u6765\u8c03\u7528Python RESTful API\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import java.io.BufferedReader;<\/p>\n
        import java.io.InputStreamReader;<\/p>\n
        import java.net.HttpURLConnection;<\/p>\n
        import java.net.URL;<\/p>\n
        public class JavaClass {<\/p>\n
            public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {<\/p>\n
                String url = "http:\/\/localhost:5000\/say_hello?name=Java";<\/p>\n
                HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();<\/p>\n
                conn.setRequestMethod("GET");<\/p>\n
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));<\/p>\n
                String inputLine;<\/p>\n
                StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();<\/p>\n
                while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {<\/p>\n
                    content.append(inputLine);<\/p>\n
                }<\/p>\n
                in.close();<\/p>\n
                conn.disconnect();<\/p>\n
                System.out.println(content.toString());<\/p>\n
            }<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • RESTful API\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406API\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528gRPC<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
          \u521b\u5efaPython gRPC\u670d\u52a1<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          gRPC\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\uff08RPC\uff09\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49.proto\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210Python\u548cJava\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          syntax = "proto3";<\/p>\n
          service HelloService {<\/p>\n
              rpc SayHello (HelloRequest) returns (HelloResponse);<\/p>\n
          }<\/p>\n
          message HelloRequest {<\/p>\n
              string name = 1;<\/p>\n
          }<\/p>\n
          message HelloResponse {<\/p>\n
              string message = 1;<\/p>\n
          }<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          Python\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          \u751f\u6210Python\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u521b\u5efagRPC\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          from concurrent import futures<\/p>\n
          import grpc<\/p>\n
          import hello_pb2<\/p>\n
          import hello_pb2_grpc<\/p>\n
          class HelloService(hello_pb2_grpc.HelloServiceServicer):<\/p>\n
              def SayHello(self, request, context):<\/p>\n
                  return hello_pb2.HelloResponse(message=f"Hello, {request.name}!")<\/p>\n
          def serve():<\/p>\n
              server = grpc.server(futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=10))<\/p>\n
              hello_pb2_grpc.add_HelloServiceServicer_to_server(HelloService(), server)<\/p>\n
              server.add_insecure_port('[::]:50051')<\/p>\n
              server.start()<\/p>\n
              server.wait_for_termination()<\/p>\n
          if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
              serve()<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          Java\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
          \u751f\u6210Java\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u521b\u5efagRPC\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          import io.grpc.ManagedChannel;<\/p>\n
          import io.grpc.ManagedChannelBuilder;<\/p>\n
          import io.grpc.helloworld.HelloServiceGrpc;<\/p>\n
          import io.grpc.helloworld.HelloRequest;<\/p>\n
          import io.grpc.helloworld.HelloResponse;<\/p>\n
          public class JavaClass {<\/p>\n
              public static void main(String[] args) {<\/p>\n
                  ManagedChannel channel = ManagedChannelBuilder.forAddress("localhost", 50051)<\/p>\n
                          .usePlaintext()<\/p>\n
                          .build();<\/p>\n
                  HelloServiceGrpc.HelloServiceBlockingStub stub = HelloServiceGrpc.newBlockingStub(channel);<\/p>\n
                  HelloResponse response = stub.sayHello(HelloRequest.newBuilder()<\/p>\n
                          .setName("Java")<\/p>\n
                          .build());<\/p>\n
                  System.out.println(response.getMessage());<\/p>\n
                  channel.shutdown();<\/p>\n
              }<\/p>\n
          }<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          • gRPC\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610fgRPC\u7684\u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u4e94\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528JNI\uff08Java Native Interface\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            JNI\u5141\u8bb8Java\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\uff08\u5982C\/C++\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7JNI\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aC\/C++\u4e2d\u95f4\u5c42\uff0c\u6765\u8c03\u7528Python\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e38\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\uff08\u5982RabbitMQ\u3001Kafka\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0Java\u548cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u4fe1\u3002Java\u4ee3\u7801\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u961f\u5217\uff0cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6d88\u606f\u5e76\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u961f\u5217\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u8026\u548c\u5f02\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0cJava\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0cPython\u4ee3\u7801\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u56de\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e\u548c\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u5728\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
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              2. \u6253\u5305\u540e\u7684Python\u5e93\u5728Java\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff1f<\/strong>
              \u4e00\u65e6\u60a8\u5c06Python\u4ee3\u7801\u6253\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Java\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5e93\u4f9d\u8d56\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528Py4J\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Java\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aGatewayServer\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u8c03\u7528Python\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u8fd0\u884cJava\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0cPython\u73af\u5883\u5df2\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e76\u4e14\u76f8\u5173\u670d\u52a1\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n
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