{"id":1170084,"date":"2025-01-15T16:18:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T08:18:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1170084.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T16:18:20","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T08:18:20","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e6%8a%93%e5%8f%96%e7%b2%89%e4%b8%9d%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1170084.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/26070857\/45d36008-4827-4896-b959-28e0434c55a5.webp\" alt=\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u8981\u7528Python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<strong>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528requests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u5e93\u6765\u6293\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002requests\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684HTTP\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>url = &#39;https:\/\/example.com\/user-profile&#39;  # \u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u7684URL<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    html_content = response.text<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u6210\u529f\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u5931\u8d25&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002BeautifulSoup\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTML\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u904d\u5386HTML\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n<p>soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, &#39;html.parser&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5047\u8bbe\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 &lt;span class=&quot;follower-count&quot;&gt;12345&lt;\/span&gt;<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>follower_count_tag = soup.find(&#39;span&#39;, class_=&#39;follower-count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>if follower_count_tag:<\/p>\n<p>    follower_count = follower_count_tag.text<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u6807\u7b7e&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7soup.find()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTML\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u6807\u7b7e\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u9875\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7684requests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<p>from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>url = &#39;https:\/\/example.com\/user-profile&#39;<\/p>\n<p>driver.get(url)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.implicitly_w<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>t(10)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>follower_count_element = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, &#39;follower-count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>if follower_count_element:<\/p>\n<p>    follower_count = follower_count_element.text<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5143\u7d20&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95edWebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aChrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u901a\u8fc7driver.find_element()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u4e9b\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7API\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002\u4f7f\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>api_url = &#39;https:\/\/api.example.com\/user-profile&#39;<\/p>\n<p>params = {<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;user_id&#39;: &#39;12345&#39;,  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7528\u6237\u7684ID<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;api_key&#39;: &#39;your_api_key&#39;  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684API\u5bc6\u94a5<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(api_url, params=params)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    data = response.json()<\/p>\n<p>    follower_count = data.get(&#39;follower_count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5931\u8d25&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237ID\u548cAPI\u5bc6\u94a5\uff09\u3002\u54cd\u5e94\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790JSON\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<strong>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install requests<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2\u3001\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>url = &#39;https:\/\/example.com\/user-profile&#39;  # \u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u7684URL<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    html_content = response.text<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u6210\u529f\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u5931\u8d25&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">with open(&#39;webpage.html&#39;, &#39;w&#39;, encoding=&#39;utf-8&#39;) as file:<\/p>\n<p>    file.write(html_content)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4fdd\u5b58HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5BeautifulSoup\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install beautifulsoup4<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>html_content = &quot;&quot;&quot;<\/p>\n<p>&lt;html&gt;<\/p>\n<p>&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;Example&lt;\/title&gt;&lt;\/head&gt;<\/p>\n<p>&lt;body&gt;<\/p>\n<p>&lt;span class=&quot;follower-count&quot;&gt;12345&lt;\/span&gt;<\/p>\n<p>&lt;\/body&gt;<\/p>\n<p>&lt;\/html&gt;<\/p>\n<p>&quot;&quot;&quot;<\/p>\n<p>soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, &#39;html.parser&#39;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u6807\u7b7e<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>follower_count_tag = soup.find(&#39;span&#39;, class_=&#39;follower-count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>if follower_count_tag:<\/p>\n<p>    follower_count = follower_count_tag.text<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u6807\u7b7e&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7soup.find()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684HTML\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u6807\u7b7e\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5373\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u7f16\u5199\u89e3\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528soup.select()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u9009\u62e9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">follower_count_tag = soup.select(&#39;div.user-info span.follower-count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528soup.select()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install selenium<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eChrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/chromium.org\/chromedriver\/\">ChromeDriver<\/a>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7248\u672c\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8def\u5f84\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<p>from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>url = &#39;https:\/\/example.com\/user-profile&#39;<\/p>\n<p>driver.get(url)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.implicitly_wait(10)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2aChrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u901a\u8fc7driver.implicitly_wait()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9690\u5f0f\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3\u3001\u67e5\u627e\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u67e5\u627e\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5143\u7d20<\/p>\n<p>follower_count_element = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, &#39;follower-count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>if follower_count_element:<\/p>\n<p>    follower_count = follower_count_element.text<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5143\u7d20&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95edWebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528driver.find_element()\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u5176\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>4\u3001\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u9875\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7684requests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u9875\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u662f\u5728\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n<p>from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait<\/p>\n<p>from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u7b49\u5f85\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5143\u7d20\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>follower_count_element = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(<\/p>\n<p>    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, &#39;follower-count&#39;))<\/p>\n<p>)<\/p>\n<p>follower_count = follower_count_element.text<\/p>\n<p>print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95edWebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.quit()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528WebDriverWait\u548cexpected_conditions\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u5143\u7d20\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h2>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>1\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u76ee\u6807\u5e73\u53f0\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u76ee\u6807\u5e73\u53f0\u662f\u5426\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\u8bf4\u660e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>2\u3001\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import requests<\/p>\n<p>api_url = &#39;https:\/\/api.example.com\/user-profile&#39;<\/p>\n<p>params = {<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;user_id&#39;: &#39;12345&#39;,  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u7528\u6237\u7684ID<\/p>\n<p>    &#39;api_key&#39;: &#39;your_api_key&#39;  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684API\u5bc6\u94a5<\/p>\n<p>}<\/p>\n<p>response = requests.get(api_url, params=params)<\/p>\n<p>if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    data = response.json()<\/p>\n<p>    follower_count = data.get(&#39;follower_count&#39;)<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5931\u8d25&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests.get()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u9001GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4f20\u9012\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237ID\u548cAPI\u5bc6\u94a5\uff09\u3002\u54cd\u5e94\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790JSON\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>3\u3001\u5904\u7406API\u54cd\u5e94<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cAPI\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u7f16\u5199\u89e3\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679cAPI\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u5d4c\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u5c42\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">follower_count = data[&#39;user&#39;][&#39;profile&#39;][&#39;follower_count&#39;]<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6839\u636eAPI\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9010\u5c42\u63d0\u53d6\u5305\u542b\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>4\u3001\u5904\u7406API\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u53d1\u9001API\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cAPI\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n<p>    data = response.json()<\/p>\n<p>    if &#39;follower_count&#39; in data:<\/p>\n<p>        follower_count = data[&#39;follower_count&#39;]<\/p>\n<p>        print(f&quot;\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570: {follower_count}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>    else:<\/p>\n<p>        print(&quot;\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u6574&quot;)<\/p>\n<p>else:<\/p>\n<p>    print(f&quot;\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801: {response.status_code}&quot;)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5API\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u56db\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<strong>\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u5e93\u89e3\u6790HTML\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5e93\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u7684\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6293\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u6293\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5e93\u5982<code>requests<\/code>\u548c<code>BeautifulSoup<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528API\uff08\u5982Twitter API\u3001Instagram API\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u6240\u5728\u7684HTML\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u722c\u866b\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u53d6\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u9075\u5faa\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u6b3e\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fdd\u53cd\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u65f6\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u9075\u5faa\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u4e86\u89e3\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684<code>robots.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6293\u53d6\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fc7\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u60a8\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7406IP\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6709\u54ea\u4e9bPython\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5b9e\u73b0\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>Python\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<code>BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\uff0c<code>requests<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c<code>Scrapy<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u722c\u866b\u6846\u67b6\uff0c<code>Selenium<\/code>\u5219\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u3002\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7ec4\u5408\u6765\u9ad8\u6548\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u7528Python\u6293\u53d6\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Beautif [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1170087,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1170084"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1170084"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1170084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1170090,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1170084\/revisions\/1170090"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1170087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1170084"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1170084"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1170084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}