{"id":1172790,"date":"2025-01-15T16:54:29","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T08:54:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1172790.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T16:54:32","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T08:54:32","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8python%e4%b8%ad%e8%b0%83%e7%94%a8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1172790.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528c\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528C\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u3001Ctypes\u5e93\u3001Cython\u548cSWIG\u7b49\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u548cCtypes\u5e93\u3002C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06C\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3aPython\u53ef\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u53ef\u80fd\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\u3002Ctypes\u5e93<\/strong>\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u8c03\u7528C\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684C\u5e93\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u548cCtypes\u5e93\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528C\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6269\u5c55\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528C\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff0c\u4f9bPython\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u7684\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u3002C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u6d89\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a5\u53e3\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684C API\u5c06C\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u5171\u4eab\u5e93<\/li>\n
  • \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u5e76\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2\u3001\u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \/\/ mymodule.c<\/p>\n
    #include <Python.h><\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
    static PyObject* mymodule_add(PyObject* self, PyObject* args) {<\/p>\n
        int a, b;<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u89e3\u6790\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
        if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "ii", &a, &b)) {<\/p>\n
            return NULL;<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n
        return PyLong_FromLong(a + b);<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u8868<\/p>\n
    static PyMethodDef MyModuleMethods[] = {<\/p>\n
        {"add", mymodule_add, METH_VARARGS, "Add two integers"},<\/p>\n
        {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}<\/p>\n
    };<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n
    static struct PyModuleDef mymodule = {<\/p>\n
        PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,<\/p>\n
        "mymodule",<\/p>\n
        NULL,<\/p>\n
        -1,<\/p>\n
        MyModuleMethods<\/p>\n
    };<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n
    PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_mymodule(void) {<\/p>\n
        return PyModule_Create(&mymodule);<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1C\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2asetup.py\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1C\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # setup.py<\/p>\n
    from setuptools import setup, Extension<\/p>\n
    module = Extension('mymodule', sources=['mymodule.c'])<\/p>\n
    setup(<\/p>\n
        name='mymodule',<\/p>\n
        version='1.0',<\/p>\n
        description='A simple C extension module',<\/p>\n
        ext_modules=[module]<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1C\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python setup.py build<\/p>\n
    python setup.py install<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    4\u3001\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u5e76\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import mymodule<\/p>\n
    result = mymodule.add(2, 3)<\/p>\n
    print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a5<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001Ctypes\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    1\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    Ctypes\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\uff08DLL\u3001SO\uff09\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002Ctypes\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684C\u5e93\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7f16\u8bd1C\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u8c03\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684C\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    2\u3001\u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \/\/ mylib.c<\/p>\n
    #include <stdio.h><\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
    int add(int a, int b) {<\/p>\n
        return a + b;<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1C\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    gcc -shared -o mylib.so mylib.c<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3\u3001\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528Ctypes\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93\u5e76\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import ctypes<\/p>\n
    \u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    mylib = ctypes.CDLL('.\/mylib.so')<\/p>\n
    \u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    result = mylib.add(2, 3)<\/p>\n
    print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a5<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001Cython<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    1\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    Cython\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u662fPython\u7684\u8d85\u96c6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u5728Python\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165C\u8bed\u8a00\u4ee3\u7801\u3002Cython\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Cython\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3aC\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210Python\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\u3002Cython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u5927\u91cfC\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    2\u3001\u7f16\u5199Cython\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199Cython\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # mymodule.pyx<\/p>\n
    def add(int a, int b):<\/p>\n
        return a + b<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1Cython\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2asetup.py\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u8bd1Cython\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # setup.py<\/p>\n
    from setuptools import setup<\/p>\n
    from Cython.Build import cythonize<\/p>\n
    setup(<\/p>\n
        name='mymodule',<\/p>\n
        ext_modules=cythonize('mymodule.pyx')<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1Cython\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python setup.py build_ext --inplace<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    4\u3001\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u5e76\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import mymodule<\/p>\n
    result = mymodule.add(2, 3)<\/p>\n
    print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a5<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001SWIG<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    1\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    SWIG\uff08Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u8c03\u7528C\/C++\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002SWIG\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPython\u3001Java\u3001Ruby\u7b49\u3002SWIG\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u73b0\u6709\u7684C\/C++\u5e93\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3aPython\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    2\u3001\u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199C\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \/\/ mylib.c<\/p>\n
    #include <stdio.h><\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u52a0\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n
    int add(int a, int b) {<\/p>\n
        return a + b;<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u5199SWIG\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49C\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \/\/ mylib.i<\/p>\n
    %module mylib<\/p>\n
    %{<\/p>\n
    #include "mylib.c"<\/p>\n
    %}<\/p>\n
    int add(int a, int b);<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SWIG\u751f\u6210\u5305\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528SWIG\u751f\u6210\u5305\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    swig -python -o mylib_wrap.c mylib.i<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7f16\u8bd1C\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u5305\u88c5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    gcc -shared -o _mylib.so mylib.c mylib_wrap.c -I\/usr\/include\/python3.8<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    4\u3001\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b8c\u6210\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u5e76\u8c03\u7528C\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import mylib<\/p>\n
    result = mylib.add(2, 3)<\/p>\n
    print(result)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a5<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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