{"id":1175306,"date":"2025-01-15T17:30:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T09:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1175306.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T17:30:15","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T09:30:15","slug":"python%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%96%ad%e8%a8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1175306.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u65ad\u8a00"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5982\u4f55\u65ad\u8a00\"<\/p>\n

Python\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65ad\u8a00<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5bf9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709assert\u8bed\u53e5\u3001unittest\u6a21\u5757\u3001pytest\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cassert\u8bed\u53e5\u6700\u4e3a\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001assert\u8bed\u53e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

assert<\/code> \u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u771f\u5047\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u5047\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u629b\u51faAssertionError\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u9644\u5e26\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

def test_addition():<\/p>\n
    result = 1 + 1<\/p>\n
    assert result == 2, "Addition result is incorrect"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cassert<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1 1 + 1<\/code> \u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u7b49\u4e8e 2<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u9644\u5e26\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f "Addition result is incorrect"\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
assert\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5e93\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0cassert\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e5f\u663e\u73b0\u51fa\u6765<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u662f\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7edf\u4e00\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001unittest\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
unittest<\/code> \u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u652f\u6301\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestMathOperations(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def test_addition(self):<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(1 + 1, 2, "Addition result is incorrect")<\/p>\n
    def test_subtraction(self):<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(2 - 1, 1, "Subtraction result is incorrect")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__mAI<\/a>n__':<\/p>\n
    unittest.main()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b TestMathOperations<\/code>\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea unittest.TestCase<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5 test_addition<\/code> \u548c test_subtraction<\/code>\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 self.assertEqual<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
unittest\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982 assertEqual<\/code>\u3001assertTrue<\/code>\u3001assertFalse<\/code>\u3001assertIsNone<\/code> \u7b49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6ee1\u8db3\u5404\u79cd\u65ad\u8a00\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cunittest\u6a21\u5757\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5957\u4ef6\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u5728\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cunittest\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u76f8\u5bf9\u7e41\u7410<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001pytest\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pytest<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
def test_addition():<\/p>\n
    assert 1 + 1 == 2, "Addition result is incorrect"<\/p>\n
def test_subtraction():<\/p>\n
    assert 2 - 1 == 1, "Subtraction result is incorrect"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570 test_addition<\/code> \u548c test_subtraction<\/code>\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 assert<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pytest\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u7b80\u5355\u7684 assert<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7f16\u5199\u7e41\u7410\u7684\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cpytest\u6846\u67b6\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd<\/strong>\uff0c\u5982\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5939\u5177\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0cpytest\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93<\/strong>\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u592a\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001Web\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Web\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u3001\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3001URL\u7b49\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestWebPage(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def setUp(self):<\/p>\n
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
    def test_page_title(self):<\/p>\n
        self.driver.get("http:\/\/example.com")<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(self.driver.title, "Example Domain", "Page title is incorrect")<\/p>\n
    def tearDown(self):<\/p>\n
        self.driver.quit()<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    unittest.main()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 unittest<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u548c selenium<\/code> \u5e93\u8fdb\u884cWeb\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u5728 test_page_title<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 self.assertEqual<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9875\u9762\u6807\u9898\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001API\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728API\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestAPI(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def test_get_request(self):<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get("http:\/\/api.example.com\/data")<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200, "Status code is incorrect")<\/p>\n
        self.assertIn("data", response.json(), "Response data is incorrect")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    unittest.main()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 unittest<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u548c requests<\/code> \u5e93\u8fdb\u884cAPI\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u5728 test_get_request<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 self.assertEqual<\/code> \u548c self.assertIn<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u54cd\u5e94\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u4fdd\u6301\u65ad\u8a00\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u4e86<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u65ad\u8a00\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
assert (x > 0 and y > 0 and z > 0), "x, y, and z must all be positive"<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350<\/strong><\/h2>\n
assert x > 0, "x must be positive"<\/p>\n
assert y > 0, "y must be positive"<\/p>\n
assert z > 0, "z must be positive"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
assert x == y<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350<\/strong><\/h2>\n
assert x == y, f"Expected x to be equal to y, but got x={x} and y={y}"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestExample(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def test_example(self):<\/p>\n
        # \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
        assert len(my_list) > 0, "List should not be empty"<\/p>\n
        # \u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
        self.assertTrue(my_list, "List should not be empty")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5408\u7406\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestMathOperations(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def test_addition(self):<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(1 + 1, 2, "Addition result is incorrect")<\/p>\n
    def test_subtraction(self):<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(2 - 1, 1, "Subtraction result is incorrect")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    unittest.main()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u6d4b\u8bd5\u903b\u8f91\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pytest<\/p>\n
@pytest.mark.parametrize("a, b, expected", [<\/p>\n
    (1, 1, 2),<\/p>\n
    (2, 2, 4),<\/p>\n
    (3, 3, 6),<\/p>\n
])<\/p>\n
def test_addition(a, b, expected):<\/p>\n
    assert a + b == expected, f"Addition result is incorrect for {a} + {b}"<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
pytest <filename>.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 pytest.mark.parametrize<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5bf9 test_addition<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5939\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5939\u5177\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pytest<\/p>\n
@pytest.fixture<\/p>\n
def setup_teardown():<\/p>\n
    # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
    print("Setup")<\/p>\n
    yield<\/p>\n
    # \u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
    print("Teardown")<\/p>\n
def test_example(setup_teardown):<\/p>\n
    assert 1 + 1 == 2, "Addition result is incorrect"<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
pytest <filename>.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a setup_teardown<\/code> \u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5939\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u524d\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u548c\u6e05\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570 test_example<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5939\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u505c\u6b62\u6267\u884c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 assert<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u505c\u6b62\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 try...except<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u6355\u83b7 AssertionError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def test_example():<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        assert 1 + 1 == 3, "Addition result is incorrect"<\/p>\n
    except AssertionError as e:<\/p>\n
        print(e)<\/p>\n
    # \u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
    assert 2 - 1 == 1, "Subtraction result is incorrect"<\/p>\n
test_example()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u5f53<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 unittest<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec assertEqual<\/code>\u3001assertTrue<\/code>\u3001assertFalse<\/code>\u3001assertIsNone<\/code> \u7b49\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
class TestExample(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def test_example(self):<\/p>\n
        # \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
        self.assertTrue(len(my_list) > 0, "List should not be empty")<\/p>\n
        # \u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
        self.assertTrue(my_list, "List should not be empty")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3\u3001\u65ad\u8a00\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u660e\u786e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4e0d\u63a8\u8350<\/p>\n
assert x == y<\/p>\n
\u63a8\u8350<\/strong><\/h2>\n
assert x == y, f"Expected x to be equal to y, but got x={x} and y={y}"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709assert\u8bed\u53e5\u3001unittest\u6a21\u5757\u3001pytest\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cassert\u8bed\u53e5\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u573a\u666f\uff1bunittest\u6a21\u5757\u529f\u80fd\u4e30\u5bcc<\/strong>\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff1bpytest\u6846\u67b6\u7b80\u6d01\u9ad8\u6548<\/strong>\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5728Python\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u65ad\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u91cd\u8981\uff1f<\/strong>
\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u70b9\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u7528\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65ad\u8a00\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ee3\u7801\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u65ad\u8a00\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684assert<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cassert condition, "Error message"<\/code>\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u771f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u5047\uff0c\u5c06\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u5982unittest\u6216pytest\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5176\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\u5305\u62ecassertEqual<\/code>\uff08\u68c0\u67e5\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\uff09\u3001assertTrue<\/code>\uff08\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u771f\uff09\u3001assertIn<\/code>\uff08\u68c0\u67e5\u67d0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u5728\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u65ad\u8a00\u7c7b\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u6307\u5728\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u7a0b\u5bf9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u5e38 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1175319,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1175306"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1175306"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1175306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1175320,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1175306\/revisions\/1175320"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1175319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1175306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1175306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1175306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}