{"id":1179039,"date":"2025-01-15T18:18:21","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1179039.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T18:18:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:18:24","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89sort%e5%87%bd%e6%95%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1179039.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49sort\u51fd\u6570"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49sort\u51fd\u6570\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49sort\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u5229\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684sorted\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u6309\u7279\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u6392\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u5143\u7d20\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

def custom_sort(item):<\/p>\n
    return item.attribute<\/p>\n
data_list = [Object1, Object2, Object3]<\/p>\n
sorted_list = sorted(data_list, key=custom_sort)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0ccustom_sort<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u9879\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u9879\u7684\u67d0\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u3002sorted<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528 key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u7528 custom_sort<\/code> \u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001SORT \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0csort<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002sort<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u7684 list.sort()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868\u7684 sorted()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.1 list.sort() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
list.sort()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u539f\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u65b0\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u539f\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5c31\u5730\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
numbers = [5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
numbers.sort()<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 5, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 sorted() \u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
sorted()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5219\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u8fed\u4ee3\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
numbers = [5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 5, 5, 6, 9]<\/p>\n
print(numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6307\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 sort<\/code> \u6216 sorted<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 key<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 sort<\/code> \u6216 sorted<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
def custom_sort(x):<\/p>\n
    return x % 10<\/p>\n
numbers = [15, 23, 9, 42, 55, 1]<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers, key=custom_sort)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 42, 23, 15, 55, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570 custom_sort<\/code> \u8fd4\u56de\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7684\u4e2a\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u5b9a\u4e49\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
numbers = [15, 23, 9, 42, 55, 1]<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers, key=lambda x: x % 10)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 42, 23, 15, 55, 9]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6309\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u6761\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
students = [<\/p>\n
    ('Alice', 25, 'A'),<\/p>\n
    ('Bob', 22, 'B'),<\/p>\n
    ('Charlie', 25, 'B'),<\/p>\n
    ('David', 22, 'A')<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda x: (x[1], x[2]))<\/p>\n
print(sorted_students)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa: [('Bob', 22, 'B'), ('David', 22, 'A'), ('Charlie', 25, 'B'), ('Alice', 25, 'A')]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u5217\u8868\u9996\u5148\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u6210\u7ee9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python \u7684 sort<\/code> \u548c sorted<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5728\u6392\u5e8f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6309\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u5c24\u5176\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
students = [<\/p>\n
    ('Alice', 25, 'A'),<\/p>\n
    ('Bob', 25, 'B'),<\/p>\n
    ('Charlie', 25, 'A'),<\/p>\n
    ('David', 25, 'B')<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda x: x[2])<\/p>\n
print(sorted_students)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa: [('Alice', 25, 'A'), ('Charlie', 25, 'A'), ('Bob', 25, 'B'), ('David', 25, 'B')]<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u9996\u5148\u6309\u6210\u7ee9\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u6210\u7ee9\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u539f\u6765\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python \u7684 sort<\/code> \u548c sorted<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u652f\u6301 reverse<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
numbers = [5, 2, 9, 1, 5, 6]<\/p>\n
sorted_numbers = sorted(numbers, reverse=True)<\/p>\n
print(sorted_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [9, 6, 5, 5, 2, 1]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u6309\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5728\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
class Student:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, name, age):<\/p>\n
        self.name = name<\/p>\n
        self.age = age<\/p>\n
students = [Student('Alice', 25), Student('Bob', 22), Student('Charlie', 23)]<\/p>\n
sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda s: s.age)<\/p>\n
for student in sorted_students:<\/p>\n
    print(student.name, student.age)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Bob 22<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Charlie 23<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Alice 25<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u590d\u6742\u6392\u5e8f\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6392\u5e8f\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u548c lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b<\/p>\n
class Student:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, name, age, grade):<\/p>\n
        self.name = name<\/p>\n
        self.age = age<\/p>\n
        self.grade = grade<\/p>\n
students = [<\/p>\n
    Student('Alice', 25, 'A'),<\/p>\n
    Student('Bob', 22, 'B'),<\/p>\n
    Student('Charlie', 25, 'B'),<\/p>\n
    Student('David', 22, 'A')<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u3001\u6210\u7ee9\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda s: (s.age, s.grade))<\/p>\n
for student in sorted_students:<\/p>\n
    print(student.name, student.age, student.grade)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa:<\/strong><\/h2>\n
David 22 A<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Bob 22 B<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Alice 25 A<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Charlie 25 B<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u9996\u5148\u6309\u5e74\u9f84\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u6210\u7ee9\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u6392\u5e8f\u51fd\u6570\u3001lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3001\u6309\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u53cd\u5411\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u6839\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u6392\u5e8f\uff0cPython \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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 \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0csort\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
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