{"id":1180534,"date":"2025-01-15T18:38:03","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:38:03","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-01-15T18:38:06","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:38:06","slug":"python3%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5pg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1180534.html","title":{"rendered":"python3\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5pg"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python3\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5pg\"<\/p>\n

Python3\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Python3\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528psycopg2\u5e93\u3001SQLAlchemy\u5e93\u3001pg8000\u5e93<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cpsycopg2\u5e93<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002SQLAlchemy\u5e93<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cdORM\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6620\u5c04\uff09\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002pg8000\u5e93<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eafPython\u5e93\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528psycopg2\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5psycopg2\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5psycopg2\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528psycopg2\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install psycopg2-binary<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
psycopg2-binary\u662fpsycopg2\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u597dpsycopg2\u5e93\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import psycopg2<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    connection = psycopg2.connect(<\/p>\n
        user="your_username",<\/p>\n
        password="your_password",<\/p>\n
        host="your_host",<\/p>\n
        port="your_port",<\/p>\n
        database="your_database"<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    cursor = connection.cursor()<\/p>\n
    print("PostgreSQL connection is open")<\/p>\n
    # \u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT version();")<\/p>\n
    record = cursor.fetchone()<\/p>\n
    print("You are connected to - ", record, "\\n")<\/p>\n
except (Exception, psycopg2.Error) as error:<\/p>\n
    print("Error while connecting to PostgreSQL", error)<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    # \u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n
    if (connection):<\/p>\n
        cursor.close()<\/p>\n
        connection.close()<\/p>\n
        print("PostgreSQL connection is closed")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06your_username<\/code>\u3001your_password<\/code>\u3001your_host<\/code>\u3001your_port<\/code>\u548cyour_database<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cursor\u5bf9\u8c61\u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u8868\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    connection = psycopg2.connect(<\/p>\n
        user="your_username",<\/p>\n
        password="your_password",<\/p>\n
        host="your_host",<\/p>\n
        port="your_port",<\/p>\n
        database="your_database"<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    cursor = connection.cursor()<\/p>\n
    # \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
    insert_query = """ INSERT INTO your_table (id, name) VALUES (%s, %s)"""<\/p>\n
    record_to_insert = (1, 'John Doe')<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute(insert_query, record_to_insert)<\/p>\n
    connection.commit()<\/p>\n
    print("Record inserted successfully")<\/p>\n
except (Exception, psycopg2.Error) as error:<\/p>\n
    print("FAI<\/a>led to insert record into table", error)<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    if (connection):<\/p>\n
        cursor.close()<\/p>\n
        connection.close()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SQLAlchemy\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5SQLAlchemy\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u540c\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5SQLAlchemy\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install sqlalchemy<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528SQLAlchemy\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from sqlalchemy import create_engine<\/p>\n
engine = create_engine('postgresql:\/\/your_username:your_password@your_host:your_port\/your_database')<\/p>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
with engine.connect() as connection:<\/p>\n
    result = connection.execute("SELECT version();")<\/p>\n
    for row in result:<\/p>\n
        print(row)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pg8000\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5b89\u88c5pg8000\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0epsycopg2\u548cSQLAlchemy\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5pg8000\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pg8000<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528pg8000\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pg8000<\/p>\n
try:<\/p>\n
    connection = pg8000.connect(<\/p>\n
        user="your_username",<\/p>\n
        password="your_password",<\/p>\n
        host="your_host",<\/p>\n
        port=int("your_port"),<\/p>\n
        database="your_database"<\/p>\n
    )<\/p>\n
    cursor = connection.cursor()<\/p>\n
    print("PostgreSQL connection is open")<\/p>\n
    # \u6267\u884cSQL\u67e5\u8be2<\/p>\n
    cursor.execute("SELECT version();")<\/p>\n
    record = cursor.fetchone()<\/p>\n
    print("You are connected to - ", record, "\\n")<\/p>\n
except (Exception, pg8000.Error) as error:<\/p>\n
    print("Error while connecting to PostgreSQL", error)<\/p>\n
finally:<\/p>\n
    # \u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/p>\n
    if (connection):<\/p>\n
        cursor.close()<\/p>\n
        connection.close()<\/p>\n
        print("PostgreSQL connection is closed")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u4f7f\u7528psycopg2\u5e93\u3001SQLAlchemy\u5e93\u548cpg8000\u5e93<\/strong>\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5728Python3\u4e2d\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002psycopg2\u5e93<\/strong>\u9002\u5408\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\uff1bSQLAlchemy\u5e93<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86ORM\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1bpg8000\u5e93<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eafPython\u5e93\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eC\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u9644\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fde\u63a5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n