{"id":1181951,"date":"2025-01-15T18:57:44","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:57:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1181951.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T18:57:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T10:57:46","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8bpython%e4%b8%ad%e8%87%aa%e5%b8%a6%e6%a8%a1%e5%9d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1181951.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770bpython\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770bpython\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u67e5\u770bPython\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528sys<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pkgutil<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u67e5\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528help('modules')<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528help('modules')<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165help('modules')<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u3002Python\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u524dPython\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u626b\u63cf\u548c\u5217\u51fa\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 sys<\/code> \u6a21\u5757<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

sys<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u6216\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027 sys.builtin_module_names<\/code> \u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import sys<\/p>\n
print(sys.builtin_module_names)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u5143\u7ec4\u3002\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u7528C\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u7f16\u8bd1\u5230Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
def list_builtin_modules():<\/p>\n
    builtin_modules = sys.builtin_module_names<\/p>\n
    for module in builtin_modules:<\/p>\n
        print(module)<\/p>\n
list_builtin_modules()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u904d\u5386\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 pkgutil<\/code> \u6a21\u5757<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
pkgutil<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5305\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 pkgutil.iter_modules()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pkgutil<\/p>\n
def list_all_modules():<\/p>\n
    module_names = [module.name for module in pkgutil.iter_modules()]<\/p>\n
    for name in module_names:<\/p>\n
        print(name)<\/p>\n
list_all_modules()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u904d\u5386\u5e76\u6253\u5370\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e8e sys.builtin_module_names<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u67e5\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u6709\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u6a21\u5757\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u9605\u6587\u6863\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u5730\u5740\u662f Python Standard Library<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u6863<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u8be6\u7ec6\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u67e5\u9605\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 help('modules')<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 help('modules')<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
>>> help('modules')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4f1a\u626b\u63cf\u5e76\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 pydoc<\/code> \u6a21\u5757<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
pydoc<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9Python\u6587\u6863\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import pydoc<\/p>\n
def list_all_modules():<\/p>\n
    pydoc.help('modules')<\/p>\n
list_all_modules()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 pydoc.help('modules')<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 help('modules')<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 pip list<\/code><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136 pip list<\/code> \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5217\u51fa\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5305\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u901a\u8fc7 pip<\/code> \u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip list<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 IDE \u6216\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bb8\u591a\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff08\u5982PyCharm\u3001VSCode\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cPyCharm\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728PyCharm\u4e2d\uff0c\u6253\u5f00\u9879\u76ee\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u9009\u62e9Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bPython\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528sys<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5efa\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pkgutil<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u67e5\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528help('modules')<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pydoc<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u5757\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pip list<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528IDE\u6216\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5168\u9762\u4e86\u89e3Python\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u9605\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u638c\u63e1Python\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f60\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u627e\u5230Python\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5217\u8868\uff1f<\/strong>
\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u5217\u8868\u3002\u8bbf\u95eePython\u5b98\u7f51\uff0c\u5bfc\u822a\u81f3\u201c\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u201d\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4help('modules')<\/code>\u5728Python\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong>
\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528help(module_name)<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982help(math)<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728Python\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684Lib<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u68c0\u67e5Python\u7248\u672c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u66f4\u65b0\u60c5\u51b5\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528python --version<\/code>\u6216python3 --version<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u67e5\u770b\u60a8\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7279\u5b9a\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u65b0\u589e\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u8981\u67e5\u770bPython\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528sys\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pkgutil\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u67e5\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002 \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1181955,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1181951"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1181951"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1181951\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1181957,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1181951\/revisions\/1181957"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1181955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1181951"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1181951"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1181951"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}