{"id":1182220,"date":"2025-01-15T19:00:40","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T11:00:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1182220.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T19:00:43","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T11:00:43","slug":"python%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4%e8%be%93%e9%94%99%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bf%ae%e6%94%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1182220.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u9519\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25130253\/7dfd9e96-8565-4d93-bcea-93d4c3f72186.webp\" alt=\"python\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u9519\u5982\u4f55\u4fee\u6539\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>Python\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u9519\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539\uff1a\u91cd\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u4fbf\u6377\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6309\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7bad\u5934\u952e\u6d4f\u89c8\u4ee5\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5feb\u901f\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u91cd\u8bd5\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u91cd\u5199\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u91cd\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u8f93\u5165\u7684Python\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u91cd\u65b0\u8f93\u5165\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5904\u7406\u957f\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u590d\u6742\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u7e41\u7410\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0fPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\uff08\u5982IPython\u6216Jupyter Notebook\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6309\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7bad\u5934\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309Enter\u952e\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5feb\u901f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u8f93\u5165\u6574\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u9ebb\u70e6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u5728IPython\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>IPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7bad\u5934\u952e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528<code>%history<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8f93\u5165<code>%history<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165<code>%history -n 1-5<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u7b2c1\u5230\u7b2c5\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u5728Jupyter Notebook\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Jupyter Notebook\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7bad\u5934\u952e\u5728\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u4e4b\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u8f91\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5199Python\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff08\u5982VS Code\u3001PyCharm\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u9ad8\u4eae\u3001\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528VS Code\u4fee\u6539\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>VS Code\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5305\u62ecPython\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\u3001\u5355\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528PyCharm\u4fee\u6539\u547d\u4ee4<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>PyCharm\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684Python\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002PyCharm\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>pdb<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982pdb++, ipdb\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u548c\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u627e\u51fa\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528pdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>pdb<\/code>\u662fPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65ad\u70b9\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u548c\u6267\u884c\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>pdb<\/code>\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>python -m pdb &lt;\u811a\u672c\u540d&gt;<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165<code>import pdb; pdb.set_trace()<\/code>\uff0c\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u5230\u8be5\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528ipdb\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>ipdb<\/code>\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eIPython\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>ipdb<\/code>\u8c03\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>python -m ipdb &lt;\u811a\u672c\u540d&gt;<\/code>\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u63d2\u5165<code>import ipdb; ipdb.set_trace()<\/code>\uff0c\u5f53\u6267\u884c\u5230\u8be5\u884c\u65f6\u4f1a\u6682\u505c\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5199Python\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982try-except\u8bed\u53e5\uff09\u6765\u6355\u83b7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528try-except\u8bed\u53e5\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>try-except<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u662fPython\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>try-except<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">try:<\/p>\n<p>    # \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>    result = 1 \/ 0<\/p>\n<p>except ZeroDivisionError as e:<\/p>\n<p>    print(&quot;\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef:&quot;, e)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f53\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528logging\u6a21\u5757\u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u540e\u7eed\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import logging<\/p>\n<p>logging.basicConfig(filename=&#39;error.log&#39;, level=logging.ERROR)<\/p>\n<p>try:<\/p>\n<p>    # \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<p>    result = 1 \/ 0<\/p>\n<p>except ZeroDivisionError as e:<\/p>\n<p>    logging.error(&quot;\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef: %s&quot;, e)<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f53\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u9664\u96f6\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230<code>error.log<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee3\u7801\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08\u5982Git\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u56de\u9000\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u67e5\u770b\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528Git\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u7248\u672c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Git\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Git\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u7248\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>git add<\/code>\u3001<code>git commit<\/code>\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>git log<\/code>\u67e5\u770b\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>git checkout<\/code>\u56de\u9000\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6dfb\u52a0\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>git add script.py<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u63d0\u4ea4\u4fee\u6539<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>git commit -m &quot;\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef&quot;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>git log<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u56de\u9000\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>git checkout &lt;commit_id&gt;<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f53\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u8bef\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Git\u67e5\u770b\u4fee\u6539\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u56de\u9000\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e03\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f16\u5199\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4f9d\u7136\u6b63\u786e\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff08\u5982unittest\u3001pytest\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528unittest\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>unittest<\/code>\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>unittest<\/code>\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7c7b\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f<code>unittest.TestCase<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import unittest<\/p>\n<p>class TestMath(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n<p>    def test_add(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(1 + 1, 2)<\/p>\n<p>    def test_divide(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertR<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>ses(ZeroDivisionError, lambda: 1 \/ 0)<\/p>\n<p>if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5f53\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u627e\u51fa\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528pytest\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><code>pytest<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528<code>pytest<\/code>\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<code>assert<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u8fdb\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def test_add():<\/p>\n<p>    assert 1 + 1 == 2<\/p>\n<p>def test_divide():<\/p>\n<p>    with pytest.raises(ZeroDivisionError):<\/p>\n<p>        1 \/ 0<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>pytest<\/code>\uff0c\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5f53\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u627e\u51fa\u5e76\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u516b\u3001\u901a\u8fc7<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/code-review\" target=\"_blank\">\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5<\/a>\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee3\u7801\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9762\u5bf9\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982GitHub Pull Request\u3001Gerrit\uff09\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528GitHub Pull Request\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>GitHub\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Pull Request\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPull Request\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Pull Request\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>git push origin feature-branch<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5728GitHub\u4e0a\u521b\u5efaPull Request<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5728Pull Request\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5ba1\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528Gerrit\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Gerrit\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8eWeb\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5ba1\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Gerrit\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u63a8\u9001\u5230Gerrit\uff0c\u9080\u8bf7\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Gerrit\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u63d0\u4ea4\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539<\/p>\n<p>git push origin HEAD:refs\/for\/master<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5728Gerrit\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5ba1\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e5d\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728\u4e0d\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Pylint\u3001Flake8\u3001MyPy\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528Pylint\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Pylint\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u98ce\u683c\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Pylint\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>pylint &lt;\u811a\u672c\u540d&gt;<\/code>\uff0cPylint\u4f1a\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pylint script.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6839\u636ePylint\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528Flake8\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Flake8\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86PyFlakes\u3001pycodestyle\u548cNed Batchelder\u7684McCabe script\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Flake8\u8fdb\u884c\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>flake8 &lt;\u811a\u672c\u540d&gt;<\/code>\uff0cFlake8\u4f1a\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">flake8 script.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6839\u636eFlake8\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528MyPy\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>MyPy\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f7f\u7528MyPy\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>mypy &lt;\u811a\u672c\u540d&gt;<\/code>\uff0cMyPy\u4f1a\u5206\u6790\u4ee3\u7801\u5e76\u62a5\u544a\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def add(x: int, y: int) -&gt; int:<\/p>\n<p>    return x + y<\/p>\n<p>add(&quot;1&quot;, &quot;2&quot;)  # \u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">mypy script.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6839\u636eMyPy\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u5341\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9075\u5faa\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002Python\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u5e7f\u6cdb\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\uff08PEP 8\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u9075\u5faaPEP 8\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>PEP 8\u662fPython\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u547d\u540d\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u9075\u5faaPEP 8\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u75284\u4e2a\u7a7a\u683c\u7f29\u8fdb<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc779\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u540d<\/li>\n<li>\u6dfb\u52a0\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\u548c\u6587\u6863\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982<code>pycodestyle<\/code>\uff09\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408PEP 8\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u68c0\u67e5\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u9075\u5faa\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86PEP 8\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56<\/li>\n<li>\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u786c\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5e38\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>with<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u9075\u5faa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u91cd\u6784\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5305\u62ec\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6d88\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7b80\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u590d\u6742\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5c0f\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u6d88\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6d88\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u53d6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u884c\u548c\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u52a0\u8f7d\u51cf\u5c11\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u6280\u672f\u4e66\u7c4d\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u7f16\u7a0b\u57f9\u8bad\u3001\u52a0\u5165\u6280\u672f\u793e\u533a\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u9605\u8bfb\u6280\u672f\u4e66\u7c4d<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9605\u8bfb\u6280\u672f\u4e66\u7c4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u7f16\u7a0b\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u300aPython\u7f16\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u5b9e\u8df5\u300b\u3001\u300aEffective Python\u300b\u3001\u300aFluent Python\u300b\u7b49\u4e66\u7c4d\u90fd\u662f\u5b66\u4e60Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u597d\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u53c2\u52a0\u7f16\u7a0b\u57f9\u8bad<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u53c2\u52a0\u7f16\u7a0b\u57f9\u8bad\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5b66\u4e60\u7f16\u7a0b\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u52a0\u5728\u7ebf\u8bfe\u7a0b\uff08\u5982Coursera\u3001Udacity\uff09\u3001\u7ebf\u4e0b\u57f9\u8bad\u73ed\uff08\u5982\u6781\u5ba2\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u6155\u8bfe\u7f51\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u52a0\u5165\u6280\u672f\u793e\u533a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u52a0\u5165\u6280\u672f\u793e\u533a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5206\u4eab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u5728\u7ebf\u793e\u533a\uff08\u5982Stack Overflow\u3001GitHub\uff09\u3001\u7ebf\u4e0b\u793e\u533a\uff08\u5982Python Meetup\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6c99\u9f99\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6548\u7387<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u548cIDE<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u548cIDE\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cVS Code\u3001PyCharm\u3001Atom\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u548cIDE\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>black<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8f93\u5165<code>black &lt;\u811a\u672c\u540d&gt;<\/code>\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cVS Code\u548cPyCharm\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u5341\u56db\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u56de\u987e\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u7ecf\u9a8c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u56de\u987e\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u6211\u56de\u987e\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u56de\u987e\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u603b\u7ed3\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u81ea\u6211\u56de\u987e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u81ea\u6211\u56de\u987e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u671f\u56de\u987e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u70b9\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u5fc3\u5f97\u548c\u4f53\u4f1a\uff0c\u603b\u7ed3\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u56e2\u961f\u56de\u987e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56e2\u961f\u56de\u987e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4e0e\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5206\u4eab\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u671f\u4e3e\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u8bc4\u5ba1\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5171\u540c\u56de\u987e\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u6539\u8fdb\u5efa\u8bae\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4eab\u4f1a\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u5206\u4eab\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u4f53\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u9879\u76ee\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9879\u76ee\u603b\u7ed3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u603b\u7ed3\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u9879\u76ee\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u56de\u987e\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u548c\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6539\u8fdb\u70b9\u548c\u6559\u8bad\uff1b\u53ef\u4ee5\u64b0\u5199\u9879\u76ee\u603b\u7ed3\u62a5\u544a\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u548c\u6559\u8bad\uff0c\u4f9b\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u53c2\u8003\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee3\u7801\u56de\u987e\u548c\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7f16\u7801\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u7ea0\u6b63\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u7684Python\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5411\u952e\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u4e0a\u7bad\u5934\u201d\u952e\u6765\u6d4f\u89c8\u4ee5\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u627e\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u6267\u884c\u4fee\u6b63\u540e\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u201cCtrl + C\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u6d88\u5f53\u524d\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>Python\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u62ec\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8f93\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u524d\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8bed\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bed\u6cd5\u9ad8\u4eae\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u8f93\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u600e\u6837\u6709\u6548\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u6267\u884c\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u6253\u5f00\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4<code>python script_name.py<\/code>\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u811a\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fJupyter Notebook\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u5355\u5143\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u547d\u4ee4\u8f93\u9519\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fee\u6539\uff1a\u91cd\u5199\u547d\u4ee4\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5386\u53f2\u3001\u5229\u7528\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u811a\u672c\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1182223,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1182220"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1182220"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1182220\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1182225,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1182220\/revisions\/1182225"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1182223"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1182220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1182220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1182220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}