{"id":1182962,"date":"2025-01-15T19:09:17","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T11:09:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1182962.html"},"modified":"2025-01-15T19:09:20","modified_gmt":"2025-01-15T11:09:20","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e5%86%99%e6%9f%a5%e8%af%be%e8%bd%af%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1182962.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u5199\u67e5\u8bfe\u8f6f\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u5199\u67e5\u8bfe\u8f6f\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

\u8981\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u67e5\u8bfe\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5e93\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong>\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e86\u89e3\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6e90<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u67e5\u8bfe\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u8981\u660e\u786e\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6e90\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5b66\u6821\u7684\u6559\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u6216\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u9875\u9762\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u67e5\u770b\u9875\u9762HTML\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u201c\u67e5\u770b\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u201c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u83b7\u53d6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

    Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662frequests<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import requests<\/p>\n
    def fetch_course_data(url):<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
        if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
            return response.text<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            return None<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u83b7\u53d6\u5230HTML\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Python\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684HTML\u89e3\u6790\u5e93\u662fBeautifulSoup<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
    def parse_course_data(html):<\/p>\n
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
        courses = []<\/p>\n
        # \u6839\u636eHTML\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u53d6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u8bbe\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u5728<table>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d<\/p>\n
        table = soup.find('table', {'id': 'course_table'})<\/p>\n
        if table:<\/p>\n
            rows = table.find_all('tr')<\/p>\n
            for row in rows[1:]:  # \u8df3\u8fc7\u8868\u5934<\/p>\n
                cols = row.find_all('td')<\/p>\n
                course = {<\/p>\n
                    'name': cols[0].text,<\/p>\n
                    'time': cols[1].text,<\/p>\n
                    'location': cols[2].text,<\/p>\n
                    'instructor': cols[3].text<\/p>\n
                }<\/p>\n
                courses.append(course)<\/p>\n
        return courses<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5c55\u793a\u6570\u636e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    def display_courses(courses):<\/p>\n
        for course in courses:<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0: {course['name']}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u65f6\u95f4: {course['time']}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u5730\u70b9: {course['location']}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u6559\u5e08: {course['instructor']}")<\/p>\n
            print('-' * 20)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u67e5\u8bfe\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\u6574\u5408\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import requests<\/p>\n
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
    def fetch_course_data(url):<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
        if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
            return response.text<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            return None<\/p>\n
    def parse_course_data(html):<\/p>\n
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
        courses = []<\/p>\n
        table = soup.find('table', {'id': 'course_table'})<\/p>\n
        if table:<\/p>\n
            rows = table.find_all('tr')<\/p>\n
            for row in rows[1:]:<\/p>\n
                cols = row.find_all('td')<\/p>\n
                course = {<\/p>\n
                    'name': cols[0].text,<\/p>\n
                    'time': cols[1].text,<\/p>\n
                    'location': cols[2].text,<\/p>\n
                    'instructor': cols[3].text<\/p>\n
                }<\/p>\n
                courses.append(course)<\/p>\n
        return courses<\/p>\n
    def display_courses(courses):<\/p>\n
        for course in courses:<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0: {course['name']}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u65f6\u95f4: {course['time']}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u5730\u70b9: {course['location']}")<\/p>\n
            print(f"\u6559\u5e08: {course['instructor']}")<\/p>\n
            print('-' * 20)<\/p>\n
    def mAI<\/a>n():<\/p>\n
        url = 'http:\/\/example.com\/course_schedule'<\/p>\n
        html = fetch_course_data(url)<\/p>\n
        if html:<\/p>\n
            courses = parse_course_data(html)<\/p>\n
            display_courses(courses)<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("Failed to fetch course data.")<\/p>\n
    if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
        main()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516d\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u548c\u589e\u5f3a\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u52a0\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u8f93\u5165URL\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    def main():<\/p>\n
        url = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868URL: ")<\/p>\n
        html = fetch_course_data(url)<\/p>\n
        if html:<\/p>\n
            courses = parse_course_data(html)<\/p>\n
            display_courses(courses)<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("Failed to fetch course data.")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import csv<\/p>\n
    def save_courses_to_csv(courses, filename):<\/p>\n
        with open(filename, 'w', newline='') as file:<\/p>\n
            writer = csv.writer(file)<\/p>\n
            writer.writerow(['\u8bfe\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0', '\u65f6\u95f4', '\u5730\u70b9', '\u6559\u5e08'])<\/p>\n
            for course in courses:<\/p>\n
                writer.writerow([course['name'], course['time'], course['location'], course['instructor']])<\/p>\n
    def main():<\/p>\n
        url = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868URL: ")<\/p>\n
        html = fetch_course_data(url)<\/p>\n
        if html:<\/p>\n
            courses = parse_course_data(html)<\/p>\n
            display_courses(courses)<\/p>\n
            save_option = input("\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f(y\/n): ")<\/p>\n
            if save_option.lower() == 'y':<\/p>\n
                filename = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d: ")<\/p>\n
                save_courses_to_csv(courses, filename)<\/p>\n
                print(f"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u5df2\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 {filename}")<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("Failed to fetch course data.")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e03\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684HTML\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0crequests<\/code>\u5e93\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Selenium<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5Selenium<\/code>\u5e93\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\uff08\u5982ChromeDriver\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install selenium<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528Selenium<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
    from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n
    from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service<\/p>\n
    from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options<\/p>\n
    def fetch_dynamic_course_data(url):<\/p>\n
        options = Options()<\/p>\n
        options.headless = True<\/p>\n
        service = Service('path\/to\/chromedriver')<\/p>\n
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=options)<\/p>\n
        driver.get(url)<\/p>\n
        # \u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
        driver.implicitly_wait(10)  # \u7b49\u5f8510\u79d2<\/p>\n
        html = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
        driver.quit()<\/p>\n
        return html<\/p>\n
    def main():<\/p>\n
        url = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u8bfe\u7a0b\u8868URL: ")<\/p>\n
        html = fetch_dynamic_course_data(url)<\/p>\n
        if html:<\/p>\n
            courses = parse_course_data(html)<\/p>\n
            display_courses(courses)<\/p>\n
            save_option = input("\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f(y\/n): ")<\/p>\n
            if save_option.lower() == 'y':<\/p>\n
                filename = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d: ")<\/p>\n
                save_courses_to_csv(courses, filename)<\/p>\n
                print(f"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u5df2\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 {filename}")<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("Failed to fetch course data.")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516b\u3001\u5904\u7406\u767b\u5f55\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u529f\u80fd\u6216Selenium<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    def login_and_fetch_course_data(login_url, course_url, username, password):<\/p>\n
        session = requests.Session()<\/p>\n
        login_payload = {<\/p>\n
            'username': username,<\/p>\n
            'password': password<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
        session.post(login_url, data=login_payload)<\/p>\n
        response = session.get(course_url)<\/p>\n
        if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
            return response.text<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            return None<\/p>\n
    def main():<\/p>\n
        login_url = 'http:\/\/example.com\/login'<\/p>\n
        course_url = 'http:\/\/example.com\/course_schedule'<\/p>\n
        username = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d: ")<\/p>\n
        password = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801: ")<\/p>\n
        html = login_and_fetch_course_data(login_url, course_url, username, password)<\/p>\n
        if html:<\/p>\n
            courses = parse_course_data(html)<\/p>\n
            display_courses(courses)<\/p>\n
            save_option = input("\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f(y\/n): ")<\/p>\n
            if save_option.lower() == 'y':<\/p>\n
                filename = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d: ")<\/p>\n
                save_courses_to_csv(courses, filename)<\/p>\n
                print(f"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u5df2\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 {filename}")<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("Failed to fetch course data.")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528Selenium<\/code>\u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys<\/p>\n
    def login_and_fetch_course_data(url, username, password):<\/p>\n
        options = Options()<\/p>\n
        options.headless = True<\/p>\n
        service = Service('path\/to\/chromedriver')<\/p>\n
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service, options=options)<\/p>\n
        driver.get(url)<\/p>\n
        # \u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
        username_field = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'username')<\/p>\n
        password_field = driver.find_element(By.NAME, 'password')<\/p>\n
        username_field.send_keys(username)<\/p>\n
        password_field.send_keys(password)<\/p>\n
        password_field.send_keys(Keys.RETURN)<\/p>\n
        # \u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u8bfe\u7a0b\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
        driver.implicitly_wait(10)<\/p>\n
        html = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
        driver.quit()<\/p>\n
        return html<\/p>\n
    def main():<\/p>\n
        login_url = 'http:\/\/example.com\/login'<\/p>\n
        username = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u540d: ")<\/p>\n
        password = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801: ")<\/p>\n
        html = login_and_fetch_course_data(login_url, username, password)<\/p>\n
        if html:<\/p>\n
            courses = parse_course_data(html)<\/p>\n
            display_courses(courses)<\/p>\n
            save_option = input("\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230CSV\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f(y\/n): ")<\/p>\n
            if save_option.lower() == 'y':<\/p>\n
                filename = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u540d: ")<\/p>\n
                save_courses_to_csv(courses, filename)<\/p>\n
                print(f"\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u5df2\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 {filename}")<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            print("Failed to fetch course data.")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e5d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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