{"id":12072,"date":"2023-01-04T21:41:09","date_gmt":"2023-01-04T13:41:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=12072"},"modified":"2023-01-04T21:41:28","modified_gmt":"2023-01-04T13:41:28","slug":"linux%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%ba%94%e8%af%a5%e6%b3%a8%e6%84%8f%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/12072.html","title":{"rendered":"linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p>linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1. \u5bc6\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b2. \u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b3. \u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b4. \u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b5. \u201cr\u7cfb\u5217\u201d\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b6. root\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b7. \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b8. \u7efc\u5408\u9632\u5fa1\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u767b\u5f55\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u7834\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"680\" height=\"421\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-docs.pingcode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6807\u9898__2023-01-03-11_45_45.png?x-oss-process=image\/auto-orient,1\/format,webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12073\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn-docs.pingcode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6807\u9898__2023-01-03-11_45_45.png 680w, https:\/\/cdn-docs.pingcode.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6807\u9898__2023-01-03-11_45_45-300x186.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e00\u3001linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. <\/strong><strong>\u5bc6\u7801\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bbe\u5b9a\u767b\u5f55\u5bc6\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u5c31\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u7834\u8bd1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u62e5\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5c06\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9020\u6210\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u76ee\u524d\u5bc6\u7801\u7834\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5927\u591a\u91c7\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u653b\u51fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u66b4\u529b\u653b\u51fb\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5f53\uff0c\u5219\u6781\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u7528\u6237\u559c\u6b22\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u540d\u3001\u751f\u65e5\u6216\u8005\u8d26\u6237\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u5178\u653b\u51fb\u6216\u8005\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u7834\u89e3\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6237\u5728\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u5bc6\u7801\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u96be\u5ea6\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9a\u671f\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3001\u4f7f\u5bc6\u7801\u5b9a\u671f\u4f5c\u5e9f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. <\/strong><strong>\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9664\u4e86http\u3001smtp\u3001telnet\u548cftp\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u8bf8\u5982\u7b80\u5355\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8baetftp\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u90ae\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u53ca\u63a5\u6536\u6240\u7528\u7684imap\/ipop\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u5bfb\u627e\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u8d44\u6599\u7528\u7684gopher\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u7684daytime\u548ctime\u7b49\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u62a5\u544a\u7cfb\u7edf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982finger\u3001efinger\u3001systat\u548cnetstat\u7b49\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u67e5\u9519\u548c\u5bfb\u627e\u7528\u6237\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u7ed9\u9ed1\u5ba2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e4b\u95e8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528finger\u670d\u52a1\u67e5\u627e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u76ee\u5f55\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u591aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5168\u90e8\u53d6\u6d88\u6216\u90e8\u5206\u53d6\u6d88\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002Inetd\u9664\u4e86\u5229\u7528\/etc\/inetd.conf\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u9879\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u5229\u7528\/etc\/services\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u627e\u5404\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5fc5\u987b\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5404\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8bbe\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. <\/strong><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u8fdb\u5165Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6Unix\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u6837\uff0cLinux\u4e00\u822c\u5c06\u5bc6\u7801\u52a0\u5bc6\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b58\u653e\u5728\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u5230\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u592a\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u7834\u8bd1\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u7a77\u4e3e\u6cd5\u731c\u6d4b\u51fa\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5f71\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/shadow\uff0c\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u6743\u9650\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9605\u8bfb\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u5f71\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u652f\u6301\u5f71\u5b50\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u63d2\u5165\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757(PAM)\u3002\u5f88\u591aLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u5e26\u6709Linux\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u7a0b\u5e8fPAM\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u6539\u53d8\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u5176\u4ed6\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aPAM\u91c7\u7528\u5c01\u95ed\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u4e0e\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6709\u5173\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5168\u90e8\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u5185\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u662f\u91c7\u7528\u5f71\u5b50\u6863\u6848\u7684\u4f18\u5f02\u5e2e\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. <\/strong><strong>\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9664\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u4e5f\u6709\u5b89\u5168\u7b49\u7ea7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728Linux\u4e0a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7528\u6237ID\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8d4b\u4e88\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f52\u5e76\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u548c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u540d\u5355\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u5728\/etc\/hosts.allow\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u673a\u4eba\u5458\u540d\u5355\u5728\/etc\/hosts.deny\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cLinux\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u5165\u6216\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\/var\/log\/secure\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u636e\u6b64\u67e5\u51fa\u53ef\u7591\u7684\u8fdb\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d26\u53f7ID\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e13\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u5728\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8d1f\u8d23\u67d0\u4e2aID\u7684\u804c\u5458\u79bb\u804c\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u4ece\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u8d26\u53f7\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u5165\u4fb5\u4e8b\u4ef6\u90fd\u662f\u501f\u7528\u4e86\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f88\u4e45\u4e0d\u7528\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. \u201cr<\/strong><strong>\u7cfb\u5217\u201d\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217r\u5b57\u5934\u7684\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982rlogin\uff0crcp\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7528\u6765\u5165\u4fb5\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u975e\u5e38\u5371\u9669\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06root\u8d26\u53f7\u5f00\u653e\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u3002rhosts\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005hosts.equiv\u6587\u4ef6\u6838\u51c6\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u786e\u4fddroot\u8d26\u53f7\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8er\u7b49\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u9ed1\u5ba2\u4eec\u7528\u6765\u653b\u51fb\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f83\u597d\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\u90fd\u662f\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e00\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u800c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cPAM\u5de5\u5177\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5c06r\u5b57\u5934\u516c\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7981\u6b62\u6389\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\/etc\/pam.d\/rlogin\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u52a0\u4e0a\u767b\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6838\u51c6\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f7f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1home\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u3002rhosts\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. root<\/strong><strong>\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Root\u4e00\u76f4\u662fLinux\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5b83\u6743\u529b\u65e0\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f83\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u5c06\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6388\u6743\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u6c42\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u8ba9\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7528\u6237\u6709\u90e8\u5206\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002sudo\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sudo\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7ec4\u6001\u8bbe\u5b9a\u540e\uff0c\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u518d\u767b\u5f55\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u6709\u9650\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e94\u7528sudo\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u7ba1\u7406\u78c1\u5e26\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u6bcf\u5929\u6309\u65f6\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u53d6\u5f97\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u6587\u6863\u5907\u4efd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6743\u53bb\u4f5c\u5176\u4ed6\u53ea\u6709\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u4f5c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sudo\u4e0d\u4f46\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5c06\u6bcf\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u6240\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8be5\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u662f\u6210\u529f\u8fd8\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5728\u5927\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u540c\u65f6\u7ba1\u7406Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u90fd\u6709\u7528sudo\u6388\u6743\u7ed9\u67d0\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ecesudo\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5230\u8c01\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee5\u53ca\u6539\u52a8\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0csudo\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u9650\u5236\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6ca1\u6709\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9650\u5b9a\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u6ee5\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\/etc\/cat\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e86\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u9ed1\u5ba2\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. <\/strong><strong>\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u4e0eLinux\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u914d\u7f6e(\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406\u9009\u9879)\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cLinux\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u786e\u5927\u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u9632\u6b62\u90a3\u4e9b\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u7ec3\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u9ed1\u5ba2\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5e73\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\u8981\u7ecf\u5e38\u63d0\u9ad8\u8b66\u60d5\uff0c\u968f\u65f6\u6ce8\u610f\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u7591\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6309\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u822c\u4fe1\u606f\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u65e5\u5fd7\u4ee5\u53ca\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e0d\u5408\u5e38\u7406\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8bb0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8. <\/strong><strong>\u7efc\u5408\u9632\u5fa1\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001IDS\u7b49\u9632\u62a4\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u90fd\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u6210\u719f\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u5e26\u7684Netfilter\/Iptables\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u5176\u4e5f\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u4e3b\u673a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u529f\u6548\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edfSnort\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e3b\u673a\u5165\u4fb5\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edfLIDS(Linux Intrusion Detection System)\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u4e8c\u3001Linux\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1.<\/strong><strong>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u5177\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf;\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ee5Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u6237\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5d29\u6e83\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u4e0a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u548c\u4e2d\u5c0f\u578b\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7279\u522b\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u65e6\u5d29\u6e83\u5bf9\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0ewindows\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cLinux\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8ewindows\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86windows\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2.<\/strong><strong>\u5b89\u5168<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Linux\u662f\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u6bd4Windows\u66f4\u5177\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u6216\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u73af\u5883Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u66f4\u5177\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aLinux\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eUnix\u6240\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u5c31\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u591a\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6216root\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u548c\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u6743\u9650\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u6838\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97Linux\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u90fd\u66f4\u52a0\u89c4\u8303\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.<\/strong><strong>\u786c\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800cWindows\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u5347\u7ea7\uff0c\u4ee5\u5bb9\u7eb3\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u6c42\uff0cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6216\u673a\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0a\u7684\u5bb9\u7eb3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f01\u4e1a\u6709\u9700\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5bf9Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u4fdd\u6301\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4.TCO<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u514d\u8d39\uff0c\u56e0\u800cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0a\u66f4\u80fd\u8282\u7ea6\u6210\u672c\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6709\u4f01\u4e1a\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u6027\u4ef7\u6bd4\u4e0a\u5b83\u4e5f\u6bd4window\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bb8\u53ef\u548c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u9644\u52a0\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u4e8eLinux\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a1. \u5bc6\u7801\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b2. \u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b3. \u7cfb\u7edf\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b4. \u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7\u5b89\u5168\u7b49 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12073,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12072"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12072"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12072\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12072"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12072"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12072"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}