{"id":12663,"date":"2023-01-10T15:57:20","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T07:57:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=12663"},"modified":"2023-01-10T15:57:24","modified_gmt":"2023-01-10T07:57:24","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e6%98%af%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/12663.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u6307\u4ec0\u4e48"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae(network protocol)\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae \uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u7ea6\u5b9a \u3002\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u987a\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u9488\u5bf9\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u53d1 \u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\uff08actions\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae(network protocol)\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae \uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u7ea6\u5b9a \u3002\u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u6240\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u987a\u5e8f\u4ee5\u53ca\u9488\u5bf9\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u606f\u6216\u53d1 \u751f\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6240\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u201c\u52a8\u4f5c\u201d\uff08actions\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\uff0c\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5728\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u548c\u65f6\u5e8f\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6587\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u663e\u793a\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u524d\u516b\u4f4d\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4f4d\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u8005\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u6d41\u5c31\u662f\u6d88\u606f\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bed\u4e49\u5b66<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8868\u793a\u5404\u4f4d\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5730\u5740\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u8981\u8d70\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\u8fd8\u662f\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Time<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53d1\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u4ee5100Mbps\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4ea7\u751f\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u53ea\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f1\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u62c6\u88c5\u548c\u88c5\u914d\uff1a\u5f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53(\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u9001\u6216\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4e1c\u897f)\u4ee5\u6d88\u606f\u6216\u8fde\u7eed\u987a\u5e8f\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u8f83\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6210\u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u5757\u548c\u6240\u6709\u5757\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u5b83\u53eb\u505a\u534f\u8bae\u6570\u636e\u5355\u5143(PDU)\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u4e00\u5757\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5305\u88c5\uff1a<\/strong>\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aPDU\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6709\u4e9bPDU\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u63a7\u5236\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u5740\u7801\uff1a<\/strong>\u6709\u65f6\u5305\u542b\u7528\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u5e27\u68c0\u67e5\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.TCP\/IP<\/strong>\u534f\u8bae<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u975e\u5e38\u6210\u719f\u5e76\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0cTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e5f\u662fInternet\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002TCP\/IP\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u7cfb\u5217\u6216\u534f\u8bae\u65cf\uff0c\u76ee\u542b\u4e86100\u591a\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5305\u62ecARP\u3001ICMP\u3001IGMP\u3001IP\u3001TCP\u548cUDP\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dTCP\u534f\u8bae\u548cIP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. <\/strong>IP<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

IP(Internet Protocol\uff0cInternet\u534f\u8bae)\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bfb\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8bbe\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u3002IP\u534f\u8bae\u662fTCP\/IP\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7528\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9762\u5411\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5206\u7ec4\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ecIP\u5bfb\u5740\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u533a\u522b\u5728\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5c42\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u6280\u672f\u3002\u800cIP\u534f\u8bae\u5219\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\u5728TCP\/IP\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7edf\u4e00\u5728IP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u7edf\u4e00\u7684IP\u5206\u7ec4\u4f20\u8f93\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u5f02\u6784\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u8054\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002IP\u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u4e92\u8fde\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7f51\u7edc\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0cTCP\/IP\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u5e38\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f51\u9645\u5c42(Internet Layer)\uff0c\u6216IP\u5c42\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. <\/strong>TCP<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

TCP(Transmission Control Protocol\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae)\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4f20\u9001\u670d\u52a1\u3002TCP\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u662f\u5206\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8bdd\u3002TCP\u7528\u6bd4\u7279\u6d41\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5373\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u4f5c\u4e3a\u65e0\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u3002TCP\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7531\u5176\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u6307\u5b9a\u987a\u5e8f\u53f7\u83b7\u5f97\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u6bb5\u88ab\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u6bb5\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u662f\u5426\u6240\u6709\u5c0f\u6bb5\u90fd\u5df2\u6536\u5230\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u6bb5\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u4e3b\u673a\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u8ba4\u4fe1\u606f(Acknowledgement)\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u660e\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u672a\u6536\u5230\u786e\u8ba4(ACK)\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u88ab\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5df2\u88ab\u635f\u574f\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u4e22\u5f03\u5b83\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u53d1\u9001ACK\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u8005\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u5206\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae(network protocol)\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a\u534f\u8bae \uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u6216\u7ea6\u5b9a […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12664,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12663"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12663"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12663\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}