{"id":13624,"date":"2023-01-17T23:01:39","date_gmt":"2023-01-17T15:01:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=13624"},"modified":"2023-01-17T23:02:14","modified_gmt":"2023-01-17T15:02:14","slug":"linux%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%9c%89%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/13624.html","title":{"rendered":"linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\uff1a1. \u4fee\u6539 ssh \u767b\u9646\u914d\u7f6e\uff1b2. \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b3. \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1b4. \u8d4b\u4e88root\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6253\u5f00 ssh \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u00a0 vim \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u00a0 #\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u9879 Port10000 #\u66f4\u6539SSH\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8f83\u597d\u6539\u4e3a10000\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u626b\u63cf\u5230\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u673a\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u4e00\u3001linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. <\/strong>\u4fee\u6539 ssh \u767b\u9646\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u6253\u5f00ssh \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6vim \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config#\u4fee\u6539\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u9879Port 10000#\u66f4\u6539SSH\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8f83\u597d\u6539\u4e3a10000\u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u626b\u63cf\u5230\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u673a\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8981\u5f00\u653e\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u540e\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u767b\u4e0d\u4e0a\u54e6\uff01\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u9ebb\u70e6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u6539Protocol 2#\u7981\u7528\u7248\u672c1\u534f\u8bae, \u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f3a\u9677,\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4f7f\u5bc6\u7801\u88ab\u9ed1\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PermitRootLogin no #\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4efb\u4f55\u60c5\u51b5\u5148\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8Root\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u751f\u6548\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5root\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u767b\u5f55\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\u6765\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528su\u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u5e10\u53f7\uff0c\u6ce8\u610fsu\u548csu-\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u70b9\u5c0f\u5c0f\u533a\u522b\u7684\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0csu-\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u3002PermitEmptyPasswords no\uff03\u7981\u6b62\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u9646\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. <\/strong>\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u5217\u8868\uff1acat \/etc\/passwd  \u67e5\u770b\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\uff1acat \/etc\/group  \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u9646\u7528\u6237\uff1awho  \u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u767b\u9646\u5386\u53f2\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1alast<\/p>\n\n\n\n

userdel sync  userdel shutdown  # \u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u591a\u4f59\u7528\u6237\u5171\u6709\uff1async shutdown halt uucp operator games gopher  groupdel adm  groupdel games  # \u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\u7684\u591a\u4f59\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u5171\u6709\uff1aadm lp games dip\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Linux\u4e2d\u7684\u5e10\u53f7\u548c\u53e3\u4ee4\u662f\u4f9d\u636e \/etc\/passwd \u3001\/etc\/shadow\u3001 \/etc\/group \u3001\/etc\/gshadow \u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u5176\u6743\u9650\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

chattr +i \/etc\/passwd  chattr +i \/etc\/shadow  chattr +i \/etc\/group  chattr +i \/etc\/gshadow<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. <\/strong>\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u547d\u4ee4\uff1aadduser username<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f4\u6539\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u540d\uff1apasswd username<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e2a\u4eba\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672chome\u4e0b\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u8981\u770b\u522b\u4eba\u6388\u6743\u3002\u800c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019sudo\u53ef\u4ee5\u5316\u8eab\u4e3aroot\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u6211\u66fe\u7ecfsudo\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bfb\u5199\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u67e5\u770b\u6743\u9650\u662froot\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd8\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c120 \u4e2a\u300a \u5fc5\u77e5\u5fc5\u4f1a\u7684 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 \u300b\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sudoers \u53ea\u6709\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6dfb\u52a0w\u6743\u9650\uff1achmod -v u+w \/etc\/sudoers \u7136\u540e\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u884c\u4e0b\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1awq\u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u8981\u8bb0\u5f97\u5c06\u5199\u6743\u9650\u6536\u56de\uff1achmod -v u-w \/etc\/sudoers<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. <\/strong>\u8d4b\u4e88root\u6743\u9650<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/sudoers \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u628a\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca\uff08#\uff09\u53bb\u6389<\/p>\n\n\n\n

## Allows people in group wheel to run all commands  # \u53bb\u6389\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u53e5\u7684\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6ce8\u91ca #   %wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL  # \u7136\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5c5e\u4e8eroot\u7ec4\uff08wheel\uff09\uff0c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a  # usermod -g root uusama<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528uusama\u5e10\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 su &ndash; \uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97root\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4fee\u6539 \/etc\/sudoers \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5728root\u4e0b\u9762\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

## Allow root to run any commands anywhere  root ALL=(ALL) ALL  uusama ALL=(ALL) ALL<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4fee\u6539\u5b8c\u6bd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528uusama\u5e10\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 sudo -s \uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97root\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e8c\u3001Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa10\u6761\u5efa\u8bae<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u6b21\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. \u7981\u6b62root\u7528\u6237\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. \u66f4\u6539ssh\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

7) \u5b89\u5168\u7ec4\u5173\u95ed\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

8)\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d26\u6237\u4fdd\u5b58\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u6761\u6570\uff0c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u5173\u4e8elinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5e0c\u671b\u5bf9\u5927\u5bb6\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\uff1a1. \u4fee\u6539 ssh \u767b\u9646\u914d\u7f6e\uff1b2. \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\uff1b3. \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7528\u6237\uff1b4. \u8d4b\u4e88roo […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13625,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13624"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13624"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13624\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}