{"id":162179,"date":"2024-05-08T14:07:39","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T06:07:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/162179.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T14:07:47","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T06:07:47","slug":"%e5%88%b0%e5%ba%95%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%bc%96%e5%86%99%e9%9d%a2%e5%90%91%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e7%9a%84-javascript","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/162179.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 javascript"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684<\/p>\n

\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684JavaScript\u7f16\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u6027\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u53ca\u591a\u6001\u6027<\/strong>\u56db\u5927\u57fa\u7840\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u521b\u5efa\u66f4\u52a0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5c01\u88c5\u6027<\/strong>\u662f\u8fd9\u56db\u5927\u7279\u6027\u4e2d\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u73af\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9690\u85cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u53ea\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u7ed9\u5916\u754c\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u7387\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08OOP\uff09\u7684\u9996\u8981\u539f\u5219\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u662f\u9690\u85cf\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u53ea\u5c55\u793a\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u4f7f\u7528ES6\u7684\u7c7b\uff08class\uff09\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u516c\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u3002\u5229\u7528JavaScript\u7684\u95ed\u5305\uff08closures\uff09\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u79c1\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4eceES6\u5f00\u59cb\uff0cJavaScript\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684OOP\u8bed\u8a00\u5982Java\u6216C++\u3002\u4f7f\u7528class<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u548c\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

    \u5c01\u88c5\u6027\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u8c61\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5176\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\uff09\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u5916\u9690\u85cf\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6216ES6\u7684\u7c7b\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    • JS\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u95ed\u5305\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n
    • ES6\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u5c01\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7constructor<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528this<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u800cprivate<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\uff08ES2022\u63d0\u6848\uff09\u5141\u8bb8\u7c7b\u4e2d\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u79c1\u6709\u6210\u5458\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4e09\u3001\u7ee7\u627f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

      \u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u5b50\u7c7b\uff09\u7ee7\u627f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff08\u7236\u7c7b\uff09\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002JavaScript\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      • JavaScript\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u5176\u539f\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u672c\u8eab\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\u6216\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4f1a\u67e5\u627e\u5176\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u3002<\/li>\n
      • ES6\u7684extends<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u4f7f\u7528class Child extends Parent<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u56db\u3001\u591a\u6001\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

        \u591a\u6001\u6027\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u6001\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u548c\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u5199\uff08Override\uff09\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6539\u53d8\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n
        • JavaScript\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u6001\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

          \u7f16\u5199\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684JavaScript\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u62bd\u8c61\u5316\u3001\u5c01\u88c5\u6027\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u5219\u6307\u5bfc\u7740\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u66f4\u4f18\u96c5\u3001\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u968f\u7740JavaScript\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u5176\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u8fdb\u884c\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

          1. JavaScript\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08OOP\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8303\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001\u7b49\u6982\u5ff5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

          2. \u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 JavaScript \u7f16\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u3001\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u4f7f\u7528class<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u3002\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528new<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8c03\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

          class<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662fES6\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cd6\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u548c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

          3. \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u5728JavaScript\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ee7\u627f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u539f\u578b\u94fe\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u539f\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u524d\u8005\u7ee7\u627f\u540e\u8005\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

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