{"id":169908,"date":"2024-05-08T16:56:20","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T08:56:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/169908.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T16:56:26","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T08:56:26","slug":"javascript-%e5%ba%95%e5%b1%82%e6%98%af%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e6%89%be%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/169908.html","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript \u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"JavaScript<\/p>\n

JavaScript\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u6863\u5bf9\u8c61\u6a21\u578b\uff08DOM\uff09\u6811\u3001\u6807\u8bb0\u6807\u8bc6\uff08\u5982ID\u548c\u7c7b\u540d\uff09\u548c<\/strong>\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002DOM\u6811\u7684\u904d\u5386\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528ID\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aID\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2aDOM\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001DOM\u6811\u53ca\u5176\u904d\u5386<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

DOM\uff08Document Object Model\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8eHTML\u548cXML\u6587\u6863\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3a\u6587\u6863\u7684\u9875\u9762\u7ed3\u6784\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u7531\u8282\u70b9\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u97f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7DOM\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684API\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u4ee5\u53ca\u6837\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\u4e8c\u3001\u6807\u8bb0\u6807\u8bc6\u4e0e\u9009\u62e9\u5668<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728HTML\u4e2d\uff0c\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6807\u8bc6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982ID\u3001\u7c7b\u540d\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u7b49\u3002JavaScript\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u8bc6\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982getElementById()<\/code>\u3001getElementsByClassName()<\/code>\u548cgetElementsByTagName()<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528ID\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u6700\u5feb\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aID\u5728\u4e00\u4e2aHTML\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u3002\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u54c8\u5e0c\u8868\u6216\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5143\u7d20\u7684ID\u548c\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7ID\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5e38\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

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\u9884\u5148\u89e3\u6790\u6280\u672f\u5141\u8bb8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u65f6\u9884\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u89e3\u6790\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cdDOM\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5982CSS\u548cJavaScript\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u589e\u91cf\u5f0f\u6e32\u67d3\u5141\u8bb8\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u5b8c\u5168\u89e3\u6790\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u524d\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u6e32\u67d3\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u540c\u6837\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u8bbf\u95eeDOM\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7cbe\u51c6\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\uff0cJavaScript\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982querySelector()<\/code>\u548cquerySelectorAll()<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u6765\u67e5\u627eDOM\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

querySelector()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u5339\u914d\u6307\u5b9aCSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56denull\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cquerySelectorAll()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u53ea\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c\u5141\u8bb8JavaScript\u54cd\u5e94\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\uff08\u5982\u70b9\u51fb\u3001\u6eda\u52a8\u3001\u952e\u76d8\u8f93\u5165\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528addEventListener<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4e3a\u5143\u7d20\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u9759\u6001\u7684DOM\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0cJavaScript\u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7ed3\u5408\u73b0\u4ee3\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8fdb\u884cDOM\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u51fa\u66f4\u52a0\u52a8\u6001\u548c\u4e92\u52a8\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48 JavaScript \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\uff1f<\/strong>
\nJavaScript \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u811a\u672c\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 JavaScript \u67e5\u627e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4e86\u89e3 JavaScript \u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n

2. JavaScrip t\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/strong>
\nJavaScript \u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 DOM\uff08Document Object Model\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u7684\u3002DOM \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u6811\u5f62\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u904d\u5386 DOM \u6811\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0cJavaScript \u5728\u5e95\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u3001\u7c7b\u540d\u3001ID \u7b49\u7279\u5f81\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n

3. JavaScript \u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u67e5\u627e\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
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