{"id":170054,"date":"2024-05-08T16:59:29","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T08:59:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/170054.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T16:59:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T08:59:32","slug":"javascript-%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0-ajax-%e7%9a%84-get-%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/170054.html","title":{"rendered":"javascript \u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0 AJAX \u7684 get \u65b9\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"javascript<\/p>\n

AJAX\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u5f02\u6b65\u5730\u53d1\u8d77\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5237\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u3002\u4f7f\u7528XMLHttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\u3001\u5229\u7528Fetch API<\/strong>\u3001\u5e94\u7528jQuery\u5e93\u7b80\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff0c\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0AJAX GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8eXMLHttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong>\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528open()\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a"GET"\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URL\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5426\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3atrue\uff09\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u53ef\u9009\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff0c\u8c03\u7528send()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eonreadystatechange\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684readyState\u53d8\u4e3a4\uff08\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u72b6\u6001\u7801status\u4e3a200\uff08OK\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\uff0cresponseText\u6216responseXML\u5c5e\u6027\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u5206\u6b65\u9aa4\u5730\u5206\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528XMLHttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u73b0AJAX\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efaXMLHttpRequest\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aXMLHttpRequest\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6267\u884cAJAX\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528open\u65b9\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6eGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6ereadyState\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
xhr.open('GET', 'http:\/\/example.com\/api\/data', true);<\/p>\n
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {<\/p>\n
    if (xhr.readyState === 4) {<\/p>\n
        if (xhr.status === 200) {<\/p>\n
            console.log(xhr.responseText);<\/p>\n
        } else {<\/p>\n
            console.error('AJAX\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25:', xhr.statusText);<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528send\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
xhr.send();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Fetch API\u5b9e\u73b0AJAX\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u53d1\u8d77Fetch\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Fetch API\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u3001\u57fa\u4e8ePromise\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3XMLHttpRequest\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u5b83\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
fetch('http:\/\/example.com\/api\/data')<\/p>\n
    .then(function(response) {<\/p>\n
        if (!response.ok) {<\/p>\n
            throw new Error('Network response was not ok');<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
        return response.json(); \/\/ \u6216\u8005 response.text()\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
    })<\/p>\n
    .then(function(data) {<\/p>\n
        console.log(data);<\/p>\n
    })<\/p>\n
    .catch(function(error) {<\/p>\n
        console.error('Fetch\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25:', error);<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528async\/awAI<\/a>t\u6539\u8fdbFetch<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5f02\u6b65\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528async\/await\u6765\u5904\u7406Fetch API\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
async function fetchData() {<\/p>\n
    try {<\/p>\n
        const response = await fetch('http:\/\/example.com\/api\/data');<\/p>\n
        if (!response.ok) {<\/p>\n
            throw new Error('Network response was not ok');<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
        const data = await response.json(); \/\/ \u6216\u8005 response.text()\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
        console.log(data);<\/p>\n
    } catch (error) {<\/p>\n
        console.error('Fetch\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25:', error);<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
fetchData();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528jQuery.ajax()\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0AJAX\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
jQuery.ajax()\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
jQuery\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684$.ajax()\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u6267\u884cAJAX\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
$.ajax({<\/p>\n
    url: 'http:\/\/example.com\/api\/data',<\/p>\n
    type: 'GET',<\/p>\n
    dataType: 'json', \/\/ \u6216\u8005 'text'\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
    success: function(data) {<\/p>\n
        console.log(data);<\/p>\n
    },<\/p>\n
    error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {<\/p>\n
        console.error('AJAX\u8bf7\u6c42\u5931\u8d25:', textStatus, errorThrown);<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
});<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
jQuery.get()\u7b80\u77ed\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
jQuery\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5$.get()\uff0c\u662f$.ajax()\u7684\u7b80\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
$.get('http:\/\/example.com\/api\/data', function(data) {<\/p>\n
    console.log(data);<\/p>\n
}, 'json' \/* \u6216\u8005 'text' *\/);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0AJAX\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u53d1\u8d77HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u597d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684XMLHttpRequest\u8fd8\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684Fetch API\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5229\u7528jQuery\u7684\u7b80\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u5e94\u7684\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u4e2a\u4eba\u559c\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Javascript \u5b9e\u73b0 AJAX \u7684 get \u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 Javascript \u7684 XMLHttpRequest \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0 AJAX \u7684 get \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a XMLHttpRequest \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 open() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6307\u5b9a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 URL \u548c\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 send() \u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406 AJAX \u7684 get \u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5f53 AJAX \u7684 get \u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u542c XMLHttpRequest \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 readyState \u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e00\u65e6 readyState \u7684\u503c\u4e3a 4\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 XMLHttpRequest \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 responseText \u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406 AJAX \u7684 get \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 AJAX \u7684 get \u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u542c XMLHttpRequest \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 onerror \u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u663e\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 XMLHttpRequest \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 status \u548c statusText \u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"AJAX\u7684GET\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7JavaScript\u5f02\u6b65\u5730\u53d1\u8d77\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5237\u65b0\u9875\u9762\u3002\u4f7f\u7528XML […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":170059,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170054"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=170054"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/170054\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/170059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=170054"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=170054"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=170054"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}