{"id":172499,"date":"2024-05-08T17:51:53","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T09:51:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/172499.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T17:52:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T09:52:09","slug":"%e4%b8%80%e8%a1%8c-ruby-%e8%83%bd%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%93%aa%e4%ba%9b%e7%a5%9e%e5%a5%87%e7%9a%84%e5%8a%9f%e8%83%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/172499.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e00\u884c Ruby \u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u795e\u5947\u7684\u529f\u80fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n

\u5728Ruby\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u795e\u5947\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u866b\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u3001Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9Ruby\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u5668\u548c\u94fe\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6781\u5c11\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5904\u7406\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e00\u884cRuby\u4ee3\u7801\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u60ca\u4eba\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u89e3\u6790\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u662f\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0cRuby\u7279\u6709\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u679a\u4e3e\u5668Enumerable\u6a21\u5757\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5c24\u4e3a\u65b9\u4fbf\u5feb\u6377\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6570\u7ec4\u53bb\u91cd\u6392\u5e8f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

[3, 6, 2, 6, 9].uniq.sort<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7uniq<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53bb\u9664\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u590d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528sort<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c55\u793a\u4e86Ruby\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6570\u7ec4\u65f6\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u548c\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u94fe\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bcd\u9891<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
'hello world hello ruby'.split.group_by(&:itself).transform_values(&:size)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5206\u5272\u6210\u5355\u8bcd\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5229\u7528group_by<\/code>\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5206\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528transform_values<\/code>\u548csize<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u9891\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Ruby\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u5e93\u8ba9\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u83b7\u53d6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
require 'open-uri'; puts open('http:\/\/example.com').read<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7require<\/code>\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86open-uri<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u4f7f\u7528open<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cread<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Ruby\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u7b80\u6d01\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
require 'tempfile'; Tempfile.create('hello'){|f| f.write('Hello Ruby!')}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0crequire<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u662f\u8f7d\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u5e93tempfile<\/code>\uff0c\u8be5\u5e93\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528Tempfile.create<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\uff0c\u5728\u5757\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Lambda \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5728Ruby\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u533f\u540d\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5355\u884cLambda<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
->(x){x2}.call(5)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aLambda\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u7acb\u5373\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u65705\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Ruby\u5bf9\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6709\u7740\u826f\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5339\u914d\u548c\u66ff\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u90ae\u7bb1\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\/\\A[\\w+\\-.]+@[a-z\\d\\-]+(\\.[a-z\\d\\-]+)*\\.[a-z]+\\z\/i === 'user@example.com'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u6821\u9a8c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f7f\u7528===<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Ruby\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u90fd\u62e5\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f9b\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u6837\u5316\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6784\u5efa\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
%w(a b c).join('-')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5229\u7528%w<\/code>\u8bed\u6cd5\u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528join<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5c06\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u4e58\u79ef<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
[2, 3, 4].inject(:*)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u901a\u8fc7inject<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b26\u53f7:*<\/code>\uff08\u4ee3\u8868\u4e58\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u6570\u7ec4\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Ruby\u679a\u4e3e\u5668Enumerable\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bfb\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5143\u7d20<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
(1..100).find{|x| x2 > 30}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece1\u5230100\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528find<\/code>\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u641c\u7d22\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e73\u65b9\u5927\u4e8e30\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Ruby\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u811a\u672c\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u6781\u4e3a\u4fbf\u5229\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u5355\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4f46\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u5206\u89e3\u4ee3\u7801\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u4e00\u884c Ruby \u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
Ruby \u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u53cd\u8f6c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\nreverse_string = "Hello, world!".reverse\n\n# \u79fb\u9664\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e2d\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\nremove_spaces = "Hello, world!".gsub(" ", "")\n\n# \u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u62c6\u5206\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u6570\u7ec4\nsplit_string = "Hello, world!".chars\n\n# \u63d0\u53d6\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5b50\u4e32\nsubstring = "Hello, world!"[7..11]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
2. \u4e00\u884c Ruby \u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
Ruby \u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\nsquare_root = Math.sqrt(25)\n\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\nabsolute_value = -10.abs\n\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5927\u516c\u7ea6\u6570\ngcd = 10.gcd(15)\n\n# \u8ba1\u7b97\u5706\u7684\u9762\u79ef\ncircle_area = Math::PI * radius**2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. \u4e00\u884c Ruby \u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u54ea\u4e9b\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0cRuby \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u751f\u6210\u968f\u673a\u6570\nrandom_number = rand(1..10)\n\n# \u53cd\u8f6c\u6570\u7ec4\nreverse_array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].reverse\n\n# \u6253\u5370\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\ncurrent_time = Time.now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")\n\n# \u64ad\u653e\u97f3\u4e50\u6587\u4ef6\nsystem("afplay music.mp3")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u4fbf\u6377\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ffd\u6c42\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Ruby\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u795e\u5947\u529f\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u866b\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u3001Lam […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":172525,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172499"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=172499"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/172499\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/172525"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=172499"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=172499"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=172499"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}