{"id":174320,"date":"2024-05-08T18:29:19","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/174320.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T18:29:28","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:29:28","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8%e5%be%aa%e7%8e%af%e7%8a%b6%e6%80%81%e4%b8%8b%e9%87%8a%e6%94%be%e5%86%85%e5%ad%98","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/174320.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u66ff\u6362\u4e34\u65f6\u5217\u8868<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ca\u5229\u7528Python\u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c40\u90e8\u5316\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u540e\u7b80\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7406\u89e3Python\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. Python\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u57fa\u7840<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u5171\u540c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7528\u6765\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u5219\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u964d\u4e3a\u96f6\u65f6\u56de\u6536\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4e3a\u96f6\u65f6\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\uff0cPython\u5c06\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u91c7\u7528\u5468\u671f\u6027\u7684\u201c\u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664\u201d\uff08mark-sweep\uff09\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u7531\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u5c40\u90e8\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b83\u4eec\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u4f7f\u7528del\u8bed\u53e5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u8005None<\/code>\u6765\u91ca\u653e\u539f\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u65b0\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u82e5\u964d\u4e3a\u96f6\u5219\u5185\u5b58\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u751f\u6210\u5668\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4e00\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u5927\u5e45\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5360\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u751f\u6210\u5668\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528yield<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u6b21\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e2d\u65ad\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4ece\u4e0a\u6b21\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u5229\u7528Python\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136Python\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5185\u5b58\u5f97\u5230\u91ca\u653e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7gc.collect()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5f3a\u5236\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u7406\u89e3\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6536\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u6216\u4e3b\u52a8\u6253\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5faa\u73af\u5185\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u6848\u4f8b\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6848\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u6f14\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5982tracemalloc<\/code>\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u5e76\u89e3\u51b3\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u9ad8\u6548\u91ca\u653ePython\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u5229\u7528Python\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5220\u9664\u65e0\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u53ca\u65f6\u6253\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u624b\u52a8\u89e6\u53d1\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u6216\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u6216\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u5982\u4f55\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff1a
    a. \u4f7f\u7528del<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u663e\u5f0f\u5220\u9664\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u56de\u6536\u3002
    b. \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u4e2d\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u65e7\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u3002
    c. \u5229\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5668\uff08Generator\uff09\u6765\u6309\u9700\u751f\u6210\u548c\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5168\u90e8\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u662f\u6307\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6301\u7eed\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u60c5\u51b5\u5305\u62ec\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3001\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a
    a. \u5728\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\uff0c\u624b\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002
    b. \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u5e94\u53ca\u65f6\u9500\u6bc1\u5df2\u7ecf\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u3002
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