{"id":175141,"date":"2024-05-08T18:45:43","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:45:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/175141.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T18:45:52","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:45:52","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e6%b5%8f%e8%a7%88%e5%99%a8%e5%b7%b2%e6%89%93%e5%bc%80%e7%bd%91%e9%a1%b5%e7%9a%84%e5%86%85%e5%ae%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/175141.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/27052936\/17ecae89-1c34-41fd-8c94-9c17da81e774.webp\" alt=\"python \u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p>\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u548c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528<strong>Python\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5229\u7528\u8c03\u8bd5\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u3001<strong>\u5f00\u53d1\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6269\u5c55<\/strong>\u7b49\u3002<strong>\u5229\u7528selenium\u5e93\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/strong>\u4ea4\u4e92\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u6700\u4e3a\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7selenium\u5e93\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6355\u83b7\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7<strong>selenium<\/strong>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5982Chrome\u3001Firefox\u7b49\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u793e\u533a\u652f\u6301\u3002selenium\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u6240\u9009\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9875\u9762\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4ea4\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5b89\u88c5selenium\u53ca\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5selenium\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4ee5Chrome\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u5b89\u88c5selenium<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install selenium<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p><strong>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5ChromeDriver<\/strong>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.google.com\/a\/chromium.org\/chromedriver\/\">ChromeDriver\u4e0b\u8f7d\u9875\u9762<\/a>\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7248\u672c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u7684ChromeDriver\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684ChromeDriver\u653e\u5728\u6613\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684PATH\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528selenium\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528selenium\u7684WebDriver\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;http:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u6e90\u7801<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>page_source = driver.page_source<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5370\u9875\u9762\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>print(page_source)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7<code>driver.page_source<\/code>\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u9875\u9762\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u6574\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u7684HTML\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u5143\u7d20\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7selenium\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<p>from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;http:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>element = driver.find_element(By.ID, &quot;content&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>text_content = element.text<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5370\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>print(text_content)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528<code>find_element<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u5143\u7d20\u7684ID\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u4e86\u8be5\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u64cd\u4f5cJavaScript\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6709\u4e9b\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884cJavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u3002selenium\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684JavaScript\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.get(&quot;http:\/\/www.example.com&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6267\u884cJavaScript\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>dynamic_content = driver.execute_script(&quot;return document.getElementById(&#039;dynamic-content&#039;).textContent;&quot;)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u6253\u5370\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>print(dynamic_content)<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u5173\u95ed\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>driver.close()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c<code>execute_script<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55JavaScript\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u76f8\u5173\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528selenium\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528<strong>PyAutoGUI\u3001PyQt5\u7b49\u5e93<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6267\u884cJavaScript\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u5904\u7406\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528selenium\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982WebDriverW<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>t\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u9075\u5b88\u722c\u866b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684Term of Services\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u524d\u63d0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>selenium\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u6765\u4e0eWeb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6216\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u4e3a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u6293\u53d6\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982Scrapy\u3002\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u6293\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4IP\u88ab\u5c01\u9501\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5408\u7406\u89c4\u5212\u6293\u53d6\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u9075\u5b88robots\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u804c\u4e1a\u64cd\u5b88\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8bf4\u660e\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u60a8\u5c06\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528Python\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u5982\u4f55\u7528Python\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93Selenium\u3002Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u3001\u586b\u5199\u8868\u5355\u3001\u70b9\u51fb\u6309\u94ae\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Selenium\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9Python\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.  \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u548cSelenium\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7d\u76f8\u5e94\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9a71\u52a8\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Selenium\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u6307\u5b9a\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f51\u9875\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u901a\u8fc7XPath\u3001CSS\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3.  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