{"id":175275,"date":"2024-05-08T18:48:17","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:48:17","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-05-08T18:48:22","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:48:22","slug":"python%e7%9a%84web%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%9b%e8%a1%8c%e5%8a%a8%e6%80%81%e9%87%8d%e8%bd%bd%e5%92%8c%e7%83%ad%e9%83%a8%e7%bd%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/175275.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\"<\/p>\n

Python\u7684Web\u9879\u76ee\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6982\u62ec\u4e3a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53d8\u66f4\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u65e0\u9700\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u5373\u53ef\u66f4\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u65bd\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5229\u7528Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u81ea\u5e26\u7684reload\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728PythonWeb\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u7801\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u53d8\u66f4\u8fc7\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u800c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u5219\u6307\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e0d\u95f4\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u5730\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u7ebf\u4e0a\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PYTHON\u5185\u7f6e\u7684WATCHDOG\u5e93<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. Watchdog\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Watchdog<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPython API\u548cshell\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u5f53\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5229\u7528Watchdog\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u76d1\u63a7\u811a\u672c\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9879\u76ee\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5Watchdog\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install watchdog<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Watchdog\u76d1\u542c\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u91cd\u8f7d\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from watchdog.observers import Observer<\/p>\n
from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
import time<\/p>\n
import subprocess<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
class ChangeHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):<\/p>\n
    """\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u7c7b"""<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, command):<\/p>\n
        self.command = command<\/p>\n
        self.process = None<\/p>\n
        self.start_process()<\/p>\n
    def start_process(self):<\/p>\n
        if self.process:<\/p>\n
            self.process.kill()<\/p>\n
            self.process.wAI<\/a>t()<\/p>\n
        self.process = subprocess.Popen(self.command, shell=True)<\/p>\n
    def on_any_event(self, event):<\/p>\n
        if event.is_directory:<\/p>\n
            return<\/p>\n
        if event.src_path.endswith('.py'):<\/p>\n
            self.start_process()<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
    path = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else '.'<\/p>\n
    command = sys.argv[2] if len(sys.argv) > 2 else 'python your-web-app.py'<\/p>\n
    event_handler = ChangeHandler(command)<\/p>\n
    observer = Observer()<\/p>\n
    observer.schedule(event_handler, path, recursive=True)<\/p>\n
    observer.start()<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        while True:<\/p>\n
            time.sleep(1)<\/p>\n
    except KeyboardInterrupt:<\/p>\n
        observer.stop()<\/p>\n
    observer.join()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aChangeHandler<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u52a8\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5219\u91cd\u542f\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5c06your-web-app.py<\/code>\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528WEB\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\u529f\u80fd<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. Django\u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
Django<\/strong>\u6846\u67b6\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u8fd0\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8f7d\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528runserver<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u8fd0\u884c\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u6846\u67b6\u76d1\u542c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. Flask\u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0eDjango\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0cFlask<\/strong>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfFLASK_ENV=development<\/code>\u5f00\u542f\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7app.run(debug=True)<\/code>\u6765\u5f00\u542f\u8c03\u8bd5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5229\u7528UWSGI\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u5668<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. uWSGI\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
uWSGI<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cdWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86WSGI\u4e0e\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72Python Web\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5b9e\u73b0\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728uWSGI\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528touch-reload<\/code>\u6216py-autoreload<\/code>\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u5728uWSGI\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u53c2\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6a21\u5757\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\/\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72(CI\/CD<\/a>)\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. CI\/CD<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u90e8\u7f72\uff08CI\/CD\uff09\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u5f00\u53d1\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5b9e\u73b0\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5229\u7528CI\/CD\u5de5\u5177\u5982Jenkins\u3001GitLab CI\/CD\u6216GitHub Actions\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff0c\u5f53\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u65b0\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6784\u5efa\u5e76\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u5bb9\u5668\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5982Docker\uff09\u548c\u7f16\u6392\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u5982Kubernetes\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u96f6\u5b95\u673a\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0Python Web\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u952e\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u6280\u672f\u3002\u800c\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u7684\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684CI\/CD\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7f16\u6392\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0Python\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u662f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u90e8\u7f72Python\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982Gunicorn\u3001uWSGI\u6216Supervisor\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u76d1\u63a7Python\u7684web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u70ed\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u811a\u672c\u6765\u76d1\u6d4b\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u5bf9Python\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u597d\u5904\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u5bf9\u4e8ePython\u7684web\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u597d\u5904\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fb9\u5f00\u53d1\u8fb9\u770b\u5230\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86bug\u6216\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u63d2\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u542f\u6574\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u65ad\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u5982\u4f55\u907f\u514d\u52a8\u6001\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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