{"id":178454,"date":"2024-05-08T19:50:59","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T11:50:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/178454.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T19:51:03","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T11:51:03","slug":"python%e6%9c%89gil%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e8%bf%98%e9%9c%80%e8%a6%81%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b%e5%90%8c%e6%ad%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/178454.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u6709GIL\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/27062808\/bed26671-5cb7-4e99-ad15-19ef7c2d6a02.webp\" alt=\"Python\u6709GIL\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\" 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Interpreter Lock, GIL\uff09\u786e\u5b9e\u4e3aCPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6267\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ea\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<strong>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884cPython\u5b57\u8282\u7801<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Python\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8d4b\u503c\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b57\u5178\u6216\u5217\u8868\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u5b50\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bfb\u53d6\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7531GIL\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u9501\uff08Lock\uff09\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\uff08Condition\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u6765\u540c\u6b65\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u5e93<code>threading<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u540c\u6b65\u539f\u8bed\uff0c\u5982Lock\u3001RLock\u3001Condition\u3001Event\u3001Semaphore\u548cBarrier\u3002<strong>\u9501\uff08Lock\uff09\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u9632\u6b62\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bfb\/\u5199\u65f6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e89\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\uff08race condition\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u6b7b\u9501\u4e0e\u907f\u514d\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u9501\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u9501\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u9501\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6b7b\u9501\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u7b49\u5f85\u5f7c\u6b64\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<strong>\u9884\u9632\u6b7b\u9501\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u786e\u4fdd\u9501\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u987a\u5e8f\u4e00\u81f4\u3001\u907f\u514d\u5d4c\u5957\u9501\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8d85\u65f6\u548c\u9501\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8003\u8651\u91c7\u7528\u65e0\u9501\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u8003\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u6027\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u867d\u7136\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u5bf9\u4fdd\u62a4\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u548c\u907f\u514d\u6570\u636e\u51b2\u7a81\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u5ea6\u540c\u6b65\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9501\u64cd\u4f5c\u672c\u8eab\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u5f53\u7ebf\u7a0b\u56e0\u7b49\u5f85\u9501\u800c\u9677\u5165\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9965\u997f\u548c\u964d\u4f4e\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u4f18\u5316\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u5f53\u6839\u636e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42<strong>\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u7b56\u7565<\/strong>\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u51cf\u5c11\u9501\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u5ea6\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8bfb\u5199\u9501\u3001\u907f\u514d\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u6301\u6709\u9501\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u8003\u8651\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b58\u50a8(Thread Local Storage, TLS)\u6765\u907f\u514d\u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528GIL\u91ca\u653e\u671f\u95f4\u8fdb\u884cI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u901a\u8fc7<code>multiprocessing<\/code>\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u548cGIL\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e76\u884c\u5730\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u591a\u6838CPU\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0eCPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e76\u53d1\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>\u534f\u7a0b\u5f02\u6b65<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Python 3.4\u53ca\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c<code>asyncio<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u534f\u7a0b\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u5e76\u53d1\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u534f\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u7684\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5185\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u534f\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u64cd\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8eI\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5c3d\u7ba1Python\u7684GIL\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u53d1\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u9014\u5f84\u3002\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u5171\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5408\u7406\u8fd0\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4f55\u65f6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. 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