{"id":178554,"date":"2024-05-08T19:53:22","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T11:53:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/178554.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T19:53:32","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T11:53:32","slug":"%e6%80%8e%e6%a0%b7%e7%94%a8python%e7%88%ac%e6%96%b0%e6%b5%aa%e5%be%ae%e5%8d%9a%e5%a4%a7v%e6%89%80%e6%9c%89%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/178554.html","title":{"rendered":"\u600e\u6837\u7528python\u722c\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u600e\u6837\u7528python\u722c\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\"<\/p>\n

\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u9760\u7f16\u5199\u5408\u9002\u7684\u722c\u866b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong>\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u7ed3\u6784\u548cAPI\u63a5\u53e3<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65e2\u4e30\u5bcc\u53c8\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u5fae\u535a\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u70b9\u8d5e\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u8981\u5168\u9762\u722c\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u7684DOM\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u5229\u7528\u5b98\u65b9API<\/strong>\u3002\u5206\u6790DOM\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u5730\u7f16\u5199\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b98\u65b9API\u7684\u5229\u7528\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u518c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8d26\u53f7\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u83b7\u53d6Access Token<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u722c\u53d6\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8ba4\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5f00\u653e\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86OAuth2.0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u518c\u5e94\u7528\u83b7\u53d6App Key<\/code>\u548cApp Secret<\/code>\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f15\u5bfc\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6 Access Token<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u722c\u866b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u7684\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u653eAPI\u63a5\u53e3\u6216\u9700\u8981\u6293\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u767b\u5f55\u51ed\u8bc1\uff08\u5982Cookies\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8bbf\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6a21\u62df\u767b\u5f55\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u63d0\u4ea4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5982\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u7684\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5206\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u7ed3\u6784\u548cAPI\u63a5\u53e3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u7f51\u9875DOM\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u67e5\u770b\u5fae\u535a\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u5176DOM\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u5b58\u653e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9700\u8981\u6709\u8f83\u5f3a\u7684HTML\u548cCSS\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u51c6\u786e\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5230\u9700\u8981\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5229\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5f00\u653e\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684API\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u5fae\u535a\u6570\u636e\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u6587\u6863\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u7684URL\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9bAPI\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u722c\u866b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u6784\u9020\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7f51\u5740\u6216API\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684requests<\/code>\u5e93\u6784\u9020HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u63d0\u4ea4\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6216\u9644\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684User-Agent<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662fHTML\u6587\u6863\u6216JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u89e3\u6790\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd4\u56de\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u3002BeautifulSoup<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u6863\u6811\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. JSON\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5f53API\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56deJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0cPython\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u3002JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u5904\u7406\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u83b7\u53d6\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u722c\u53d6\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u9075\u5b88\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u5b89\u6392\u722c\u53d6\u9891\u7387\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u7ed9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. \u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u722c\u866b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5f53\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\uff01\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u5199\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff08\u4f8b\u5982BeautifulSoup\u6216Scrapy\uff09\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u4f8b\u5982requests\uff09\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5fae\u535a\u5927V\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u7c89\u4e1d\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u5fae\u535a\u5185\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u5b83\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\u6765\u722c\u53d6\u5927V\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u673a\u5236\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u722c\u866b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u6216\u8005\u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u5408\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6eUser-Agent\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u6076\u610f\u722c\u866b\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u9694\uff1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5904\u7406\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u6d6a\u5fae\u535a\u8981\u6c42\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u4f8b\u5982Tesseract-OCR\uff09\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    3. \u6211\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u54ea\u4e9b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7b26\u5408\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u89c4\u8303\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6\u5fae\u535a\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u548c\u9053\u5fb7\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u7684\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5730\u533a\uff0c\u722c\u53d6\u7f51\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u975e\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f60\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u7f51\u7ad9\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7684\u660e\u786e\u8bb8\u53ef\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u722c\u53d6\u884c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u8ba4\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7b26\u5408\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u7248\u6743\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5728\u722c\u53d6\u5fae\u535a\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\u6bcf\u6761\u5fae\u535a\u7684\u7248\u6743\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f15\u7528\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c0a\u91cd\u539f\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u6743\u76ca\u3002<\/li>\n
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