![\"\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u548chttp\u534f\u8bae\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5173\u7cfb\u5417\"](\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25180328\/af87674a-3744-4743-a6df-ce07ff593cec.webp\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b<\/strong>\u662fTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u673a\u5236\u3001\u800cHTTP\u534f\u8bae<\/strong>\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\/IP\u534f\u8bae\u6808\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u4e8c\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662fHTTP\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884cHTTP\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9760\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ea4\u6362SYN\u548cACK\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n TCP\uff08Transmission Control Protocol\uff09\u4f20\u8f93\u63a7\u5236\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5efa\u7acbTCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u201d\uff08three-way handshake\uff09\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n TCP\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u4e24\u7aef\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea4\u6362TCP\u7a97\u53e3\u5927\u5c0f\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709SYN\uff08\u540c\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u7f16\u53f7\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u7b54\u5e26\u6709SYN-ACK\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709ACK\uff08\u786e\u8ba4\uff09\u6807\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u8fde\u63a5\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u548c\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7fTCP\u534f\u8bae\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u6bb5\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff0cTCP\u80fd\u591f\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u91cd\u53d1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bb5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6570\u636e\u6b63\u786e\u4f20\u8f93\u81f3\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n HTTP\uff08HyperText Transfer Protocol\uff09\u8d85\u6587\u672c\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u3001\u534f\u4f5c\u5f0f\u548c\u8d85\u5a92\u4f53\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\u3002HTTP\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u5728TCP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5728TCP\u768480\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n HTTP\u662f\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\uff1a<\/strong> \u5373\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4fdd\u7559\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u4e8b\u52a1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u4f8b\u5982cookies\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u8de8\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n HTTP\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5f53\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u7f51\u9875\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982GET\u3001POST\uff09\u3001URI\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u3001\u53ef\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u72b6\u6001\u884c\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5185\u5bb9\u7c7b\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u4e0eHTTP\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u548c\u5148\u51b3\u6027\u7684\u3002HTTP\u901a\u4fe1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u9996\u5148\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u5efa\u7acb\u8fd9\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u6b63\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5728HTTP\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5fc5\u987b\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\u3002\u6ca1\u6709TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5efa\u7acb\uff0cHTTP\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u6ca1\u6709\u7535\u8bdd\u7ebf\uff0c\u7535\u8bdd\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8bdd\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n TCP\u534f\u8bae\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u4fdd\u969c\u662fHTTP\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff0cTCP\u534f\u8bae\u4e3aHTTP\u901a\u4fe1\u63d0\u4f9b\u9519\u8bef\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1TCP\/IP\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e86\u89e3\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u968f\u673a\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7A\u548cSYN\u6807\u5fd7\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u540c\u6b65\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56de\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aACK\uff08\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\u4e3aA+1\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u53d1\u9001\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aSYN\u6807\u5fd7\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7B\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684SYN-ACK\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u8ba4\u5305ACK\uff08\u786e\u8ba4\u53f7\u4e3aB+1\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6b63\u5f0f\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0cHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4e5f\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6f14\u5316\uff0cHTTP\/1.1\u3001HTTP\/2\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7248\u672c\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u6240\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eTCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n HTTP\/1.1\u5141\u8bb8\u8fde\u63a5\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n HTTP\/2\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u7b49\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u5efa\u7acbHTTP\/2\u901a\u4fe1\u7684TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n \u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u548cHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u53ef\u5206\u5272\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u3002<\/strong> 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HTTP\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u8d77\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n 2. 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