{"id":244207,"date":"2024-05-14T15:06:09","date_gmt":"2024-05-14T07:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/244207.html"},"modified":"2024-05-14T15:06:16","modified_gmt":"2024-05-14T07:06:16","slug":"%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88http%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae%e6%98%af%e9%9d%a2%e5%90%91%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e7%9a%84%e6%98%af%e9%94%99%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/244207.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201chttp\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u201d\u662f\u9519\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u201chttp\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u201d\u662f\u9519\u7684\"<\/p>\n

HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u88ab\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u5728TCP\u4e4b\u4e0a\u3001TCP\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ea4\u6362\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u8bef\u89e3\u4e3a\u201c\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u3002<\/strong> \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cHTTP\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u8981\u6c42\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u867d\u7136HTTP\/1.1\u652f\u6301\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u8d28\u4e0aHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ef4\u6301\u4efb\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662fHTTP\/2\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6a21\u7cca\u4e86\u201c\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8HTTP\u672c\u8eab\u4e3a\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001HTTP\u4e0eTCP\/IP\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u800cTCP\u5219\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u5c42\u3002HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528TCP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f20\u8f93\u4ecb\u8d28\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46HTTP\u81ea\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3002<\/strong> \u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bbaHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u5b83\u4e0eTCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TCP\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5728TCP\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u5386\u201c\u4e09\u6b21\u63e1\u624b\u201d\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u53cc\u65b9\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001HTTP\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316\u4ea4\u4e92\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u51cf\u5c11\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u5173\u6027\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u4e0d\u4fdd\u6301\u4efb\u4f55\u72b6\u6001\u4f7f\u5f97\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001HTTP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136HTTP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b8c\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u4fdd\u6301\u6253\u5f00\u7b49\u5f85\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

HTTP\/1.1\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u867d\u7136HTTP\/1.1\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\uff08\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3aHTTP Keep-Alive\uff09\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4ece\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001TCP\u5bf9HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TCP\u534f\u8bae\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u4f20\u8f93\u5230TCP\u5c42\uff0c\u5e76\u7531TCP\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5206\u5272\u3001\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u88c5\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u5230\u8fbe\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TCP\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0eHTTP\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

TCP\u4e3aHTTP\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8HTTP\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5373HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8eTCP\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u7ef4\u6301\u5b83\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001HTTP\/2\u7684\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740HTTP\/2\u7684\u63a8\u51fa\uff0cHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002HTTP\/2\u652f\u6301\u4e00\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u5e76\u884c\u4f20\u8f93\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u4e0e\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u8bef\u89e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u4f7f\u5f97HTTP\/2\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528TCP\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001HTTP\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u534f\u8bae\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u534f\u8bae\uff0cHTTP\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u800c\u8a00\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982Cookie\u3001Session\uff09\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0fWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u72b6\u6001\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u91c7\u7528Cookie\u548cSession\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u6765\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u5757\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8eHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8bf4\uff0cHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u672c\u8eab\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff1b\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8eTCP\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u4f20\u9001\u3002\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0cHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u65e0\u6570\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u9002\u5e94\u4e86\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0d\u65ad\u6f14\u53d8\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

HTTP\uff08Hypertext Transfer Protocol\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff09\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42-\u54cd\u5e94\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u9762\u5411\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff1aHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\uff0c\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u6027\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u6027\uff1a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\uff1f\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5f97\u5230\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5229\u7528\u3002\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2aHTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u867d\u7136\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5efa\u7acb\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a"keep-alive"\u7279\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528keep-alive\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5efa\u7acb\u548c\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

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