{"id":255664,"date":"2024-05-15T11:24:46","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T03:24:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/255664.html"},"modified":"2024-05-15T11:24:51","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T03:24:51","slug":"node-%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bc%80%e5%90%af%e5%a4%9a%e7%ba%bf%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/255664.html","title":{"rendered":"node \u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"node<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u542fNode.js\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Node.js\u7684worker_threads<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u8fdb\u884cCPU\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\u3001\u5229\u7528worker_threads<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6548\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Thread Pooling\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u907f\u514d\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5f15\u5165worker_threads<\/code>\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684worker_threads<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Worker<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684JavaScript\u73af\u5883\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u548cV8\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

const { Worker, isMAI<\/a>nThread, parentPort, workerData } = require('worker_threads');<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u811a\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0cisMainThread<\/code>\u5c06\u662ffalse<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7parentPort<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e0e\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u3002workerData<\/code>\u5219\u662f\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u521b\u5efaWorker\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Worker<\/code>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u9012\u6570\u636e\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
if (isMainThread) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
  const worker = new Worker('.\/worker.js', {<\/p>\n
    workerData: {<\/p>\n
      \/\/ \u8981\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
  });<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u606f\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n
  worker.on('message', (message) => {<\/p>\n
    console.log('\u6536\u5230:', message);<\/p>\n
  });<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u5b50\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n
  worker.on('exit', () => {<\/p>\n
    console.log('Worker\u9000\u51fa');<\/p>\n
  });<\/p>\n
  worker.postMessage('\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f');  \/\/ \u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5411Worker\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n
} else {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ worker.js\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5728Worker\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7parentPort<\/code>\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ worker.js\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
const { parentPort, workerData } = require('worker_threads');<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u6765\u81ea\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n
parentPort.on('message', (message) => {<\/p>\n
  console.log('\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6536\u5230\u6d88\u606f:', message);<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1...<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5411\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n
  parentPort.postMessage('\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f');<\/p>\n
});<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4f7f\u7528workerData\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c...<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u9ad8\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u80fd\u591f\u63a7\u5236\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ade\u4e89\u8d44\u6e90\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u8282\u7701\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
const { Worker } = require('worker_threads');<\/p>\n
class ThreadPool {<\/p>\n
  constructor(size, filePath) {<\/p>\n
    this.size = size;<\/p>\n
    this.filePath = filePath;<\/p>\n
    this.tasks = [];<\/p>\n
    this.pool = [];<\/p>\n
    this.init();<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
  init() {<\/p>\n
    for(let i = 0; i < this.size; i++) {<\/p>\n
      const worker = new Worker(this.filePath);<\/p>\n
      worker.on('message', (result) => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7ed3\u679c...<\/p>\n
      });<\/p>\n
      worker.on('error', (err) => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406...<\/p>\n
      });<\/p>\n
      worker.on('exit', () => {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u4ece\u6c60\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u5df2\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/p>\n
        this.pool.splice(this.pool.indexOf(worker), 1);<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6709\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n
        if(this.tasks.length > 0) {<\/p>\n
          const task = this.tasks.shift();<\/p>\n
          this.runTask(task);<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
      });<\/p>\n
      this.pool.push(worker);<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
  runTask(task) {<\/p>\n
    const worker = this.pool.find(w => w.isIdle);<\/p>\n
    if(worker) {<\/p>\n
      worker.isIdle = false;<\/p>\n
      worker.postMessage(task);<\/p>\n
    } else {<\/p>\n
      this.tasks.push(task);<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684ThreadPool\u65b9\u6cd5...<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u3002\u5728ThreadPool<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0cinit()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6307\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0crunTask()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6240\u6709\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u5728\u5fd9\uff0c\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u7b49\u5f85\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u3002\u5f53\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ece\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528worker_threads<\/code>\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u4e0d\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u65e0\u8282\u5236\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u751a\u81f3\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\uff1a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f7c\u6b64\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6216\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u901a\u4fe1\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f20\u9012\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u51fa\u9519\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u6070\u5f53\u5730\u6355\u6349\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n
  4. \u6a21\u5757\u9650\u5236\uff1a\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709Node.js\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u5f3a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u5982process<\/code>\u3001console<\/code>\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53d7\u5230\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u539f\u5219\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7fNode.js\u9879\u76ee\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u591a\u6838CPU\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u5728Node\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8Node\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u6216\u8005I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6574\u4f53\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
    2. \u5982\u4f55\u5728Node\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528worker_threads<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5f00\u542f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7require('worker_threads')<\/code>\u5f15\u5165\u8be5\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Worker<\/code>\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528postMessage<\/code>\u548conMessage<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n
    3. \u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \n\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u573a\u666f\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u5408\u9002\uff1a<\/p>\n
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