{"id":270952,"date":"2024-05-16T12:42:13","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T04:42:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/270952.html"},"modified":"2024-05-16T12:42:22","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T04:42:22","slug":"flask%e5%a4%a7%e5%9e%8b%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e6%98%af%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e6%a0%b7%e7%9a%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/270952.html","title":{"rendered":"Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\"<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efaFlask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u6784\u4e3b\u8981\u56f4\u7ed5\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u5c55\u5f00\uff1a\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u84dd\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong>\u5c24\u5176\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c06\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7b49\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u6a21\u578b\uff08models\uff09\u3001\u89c6\u56fe\uff08views\uff09\u3001\u8868\u5355\uff08forms\uff09\u7b49\u5b50\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u63a2\u8ba8Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u660e\u786e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\/yourapp<\/p>\n
    \/app<\/p>\n
        \/module_one<\/p>\n
            __init__.py<\/p>\n
            models.py<\/p>\n
            views.py<\/p>\n
            forms.py<\/p>\n
        \/module_two<\/p>\n
            __init__.py<\/p>\n
            models.py<\/p>\n
            views.py<\/p>\n
            forms.py<\/p>\n
        \/templates<\/p>\n
            \/module_one<\/p>\n
            \/module_two<\/p>\n
        \/static<\/p>\n
    \/migrations<\/p>\n
    \/tests<\/p>\n
        \/module_one<\/p>\n
        \/module_two<\/p>\n
    config.py<\/p>\n
    run.py<\/p>\n
    requirements.txt<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d<\/strong>\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u89c6\u56fe\u548c\u8868\u5355\u7b49\u3002templates<\/code>\u548cstatic<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u5206\u522b\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u9759\u6001\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982CSS\u3001JavaScript\u7b49\u3002migrations<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0ctests<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684config.py<\/code>\u5b58\u653e\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0crun.py<\/code>\u662f\u542f\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684Flask\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask<\/p>\n
def create_app(config_name):<\/p>\n
    app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
    app.config.from_object(config[config_name])<\/p>\n
    from .module_one import module_one as module_one_blueprint<\/p>\n
    app.register_blueprint(module_one_blueprint)<\/p>\n
    from .module_two import module_two as module_two_blueprint<\/p>\n
    app.register_blueprint(module_two_blueprint)<\/p>\n
    return app<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5206\u522b\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e5f\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u5728create_app<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u84dd\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u84dd\u56fe\u5bf9\u4e8eFlask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u8def\u7531\u548c\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5728\u5de5\u5382\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Blueprint<\/p>\n
module_one = Blueprint('module_one', __name__)<\/p>\n
from . import views<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u84dd\u56fe\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u84dd\u56fe\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u548c\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728views.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6269\u5c55\uff0cFlask\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Flask-Extensions\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982Flask-SQLAlchemy\u3001Flask-Migrate\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6269\u5c55\u4e0d\u4ec5\u589e\u52a0\u4e86Flask\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6269\u5c55\u65f6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5382\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n
db = SQLAlchemy()<\/p>\n
def create_app(config_name):<\/p>\n
    app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
    db.init_app(app)<\/p>\n
    return app<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5de5\u5382\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5404\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u52a0\u8f7d<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u8fd0\u884c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002Flask\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6ce8\u518c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u5e93logging<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import render_template<\/p>\n
@app.errorhandler(404)<\/p>\n
def not_found(error):<\/p>\n
    return render_template('404.html'), 404<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import logging<\/p>\n
from logging.handlers import RotatingFileHandler<\/p>\n
if not app.debug:<\/p>\n
    file_handler = RotatingFileHandler('yourapp.log', maxBytes=1024 * 1024 * 100, backupCount=10)<\/p>\n
    file_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s: %(message)s'))<\/p>\n
    app.logger.addHandler(file_handler)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u5668\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u5e76\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cFlask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5728\u4e8e\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5212\u5206\u3001\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5de5\u5382\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u84dd\u56fe\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5065\u5168\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5143\u7d20\u5171\u540c\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u3001\u5065\u58ee\u7684Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u54ea\u4e9b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u9002\u7528\u4e8eFlask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u4e00\u5e94\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u84dd\u56fe\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5355\u4e00\u5e94\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7ed3\u6784\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5757\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u9879\u76ee\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u84dd\u56fe\u6a21\u5f0f\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u9879\u76ee\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u84dd\u56fe\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u84dd\u56fe\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5982\u4f55\u5728Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728Flask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQLAlchemy\u8fd9\u6837\u7684ORM\u5e93\u3002ORM\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u53d8\u66f4\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884cFlask\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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