{"id":272130,"date":"2024-05-16T13:09:24","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T05:09:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/272130.html"},"modified":"2024-05-16T13:09:36","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T05:09:36","slug":"nodejs-%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0-jwt-%e9%89%b4%e6%9d%83%e6%9c%ba%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/272130.html","title":{"rendered":"Nodejs \u9879\u76ee\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0 JWT \u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Nodejs<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684JWT\uff08Json Web Token\uff09\u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u751f\u6210Token\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1Token\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4fdd\u62a4\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u6210Token<\/strong>\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684Token\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u52a0\u5bc6\u5165Token\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u643a\u5e26\u8fd9\u4e2aToken\u6765\u8bf7\u6c42\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u5bc6Token\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u53ca\u5176\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u72b6\u6001\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u5730\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u53ca\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u751f\u6210TOKEN<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u751f\u6210Token\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0JWT\u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u5c06\u88ab\u52a0\u5bc6\u5165Token\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237ID\u3001\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7b49\uff0c\u8db3\u591f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u5bc6\u94a5\u751f\u6210Token\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528jsonwebtoken\u5305<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Node.js\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528jsonwebtoken<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2aNPM\u5305\u6765\u751f\u6210Token\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

npm install jsonwebtoken<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528jsonwebtoken<\/code>\u7684sign<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u751f\u6210Token\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');<\/p>\n
const user = { id: "\u7528\u6237\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6", role: "\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272" }; \/\/ \u4e3e\u4f8b<\/p>\n
const secretKey = '\u4f60\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5';<\/p>\n
const token = jwt.sign(user, secretKey, { expiresIn: '2h' }); \/\/ Token\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e3a2\u5c0f\u65f6<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6709\u6548\u671f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Token\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u8003\u8651\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6709\u6548\u671f\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c\u5982\u679cToken\u88ab\u7a83\u53d6\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5229\u7528\u8be5Token\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6709\u6548\u671f\u8fc7\u77ed\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7528\u6237\u611f\u5230\u70e6\u607c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u5e73\u8861Token\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u662f\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1TOKEN<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u62e5\u6709\u4e86Token\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e2aToken\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u89e3\u5bc6Token\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1Token\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u4ee5\u53ca\u6821\u9a8cToken\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0Token\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4e2d\u7684Token\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5bc6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1Token\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');<\/p>\n
const secretKey = '\u4f60\u7684\u5bc6\u94a5';<\/p>\n
const verifyToken = (req, res, next) => {<\/p>\n
  const token = req.headers['authorization'];<\/p>\n
  if (!token) {<\/p>\n
    return res.status(403).send("A token is required for authentication");<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
  try {<\/p>\n
    const decoded = jwt.verify(token, secretKey);<\/p>\n
    req.user = decoded;<\/p>\n
  } catch (err) {<\/p>\n
    return res.status(401).send("Invalid Token");<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
  return next();<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u524d\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u9a8c\u8bc1\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4fdd\u62a4\u8def\u7531<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1Token\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ea\u6709\u90a3\u4e9b\u643a\u5e26\u4e86\u6709\u6548Token\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
const express = require('express');<\/p>\n
const app = express();<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5f15\u5165\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6<\/p>\n
app.use('\/api\/protected', verifyToken, (req, res) => {<\/p>\n
  res.send("\u8fd9\u662f\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u6570\u636e");<\/p>\n
});<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u8def\u7531\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8def\u7531\u5b9a\u4e49\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0verifyToken<\/code>\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u901a\u8fc7JWT\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5237\u65b0TOKEN<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9488\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u77ed\u671fToken\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0Token\u5237\u65b0\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5f53\u65e7Token\u5373\u5c06\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b0\u7684Token\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0Token\u5237\u65b0<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Token\u5237\u65b0\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e24\u79cdToken\uff1a\u8bbf\u95eeToken\uff08Access Token\uff09\u548c\u5237\u65b0Token\uff08Refresh Token\uff09\u3002\u8bbf\u95eeToken\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u5237\u65b0Token\u7684\u6709\u6548\u671f\u8f83\u957f\uff0c\u4f46\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u65b0\u7684\u8bbf\u95eeToken\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5f53Access Token\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Refresh Token\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b0\u7684Access Token<\/p>\n
const refreshToken = "\u7528\u6237\u7684Refresh Token";<\/p>\n
const newAccessToken = jwt.sign({ id: "\u7528\u6237\u552f\u4e00\u6807\u8bc6", role: "\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272" }, secretKey, { expiresIn: '2h' });<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8003\u8651<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0Token\u5237\u65b0\u673a\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5176\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5237\u65b0Token\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5237\u65b0Token\u88ab\u7a83\u53d6\u6216\u6cc4\u9732\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6709\u673a\u5236\u7acb\u5373\u4f7f\u5176\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u6ee5\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u9ad8\u6548\u800c\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0JWT\u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u65e2\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u53c8\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fJWT\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
JWT\uff08JSON Web Token\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u51ed\u8bc1\u3002\u5728Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b9e\u73b0JWT\u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u751f\u6210JWT<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u6216\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6210\u529f\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528jsonwebtoken\u5305\u6765\u751f\u6210JWT\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5728\u751f\u6210JWT\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\uff08payload\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    JWT\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8def\u7531\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684JWT\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6548\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406JWT\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5982express-jwt\u5305\u3002\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65f6\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9JWT\u8fdb\u884c\u7b7e\u540d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    JWT\u89e3\u7801<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1JWT\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u7801\u6709\u6548\u8f7d\u8377\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528jsonwebtoken\u5305\u6765\u89e3\u7801JWT\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f\u4f9b\u540e\u7eed\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u8fc7\u671f\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aJWT\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6JWT\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u6210JWT\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9a8c\u8bc1JWT\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u8fc7\u671f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fc7\u671f\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55\u6216\u8981\u6c42\u7528\u6237\u91cd\u65b0\u83b7\u53d6JWT\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    \u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53JWT\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5411\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u9001\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0JWT\u9274\u6743\u673a\u5236\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u8def\u7531\u65f6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u6743\u9650\u5f97\u5230\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728Node.js\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5b58\u50a8JWT\u5bc6\u94a5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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    1. \n
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      1. \n
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