{"id":275943,"date":"2024-05-16T14:39:34","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T06:39:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/275943.html"},"modified":"2024-05-16T14:39:42","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T06:39:42","slug":"vue3-%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8-canvas-%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e7%a7%bb%e5%8a%a8%e7%ab%af%e6%89%8b%e5%86%99%e6%9d%bf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/275943.html","title":{"rendered":"Vue3 \u9879\u76ee\u7a0b\u5e8f\u600e\u4e48\u5229\u7528 canvas \u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u624b\u5199\u677f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Vue3<\/p>\n

Vue3\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5229\u7528canvas\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u624b\u5199\u677f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u5408\u524d\u7aef\u6846\u67b6\u548cHtml5\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u624b\u5199\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u7ed8\u753b<\/strong>\u7684\u754c\u9762\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Vue3\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5f0f\u548c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5316\u7279\u6027\u3001\u7ed3\u5408canvas\u7684\u7ed8\u56feAPI\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u624b\u5199\u677f\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2acanvas\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7Vue3\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u94a9\u5b50\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7ed8\u56fe\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/strong>\uff0c\u518d\u76d1\u542c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u89e6\u6478\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u7ed8\u5236\u7528\u6237\u7684\u624b\u5199\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u529f\u80fd\u5982\u64a4\u9500\u3001\u91cd\u505a\u6216\u6e05\u7a7a\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efaCanvas\u7ed8\u56fe\u533a\u57df<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Vue3\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684template\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49canvas\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7ed8\u5236\u5de5\u4f5c\u505a\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<template><\/p>\n
  <div class="handwriting-board"><\/p>\n
    <canvas ref="handwritingCanvas"><\/canvas><\/p>\n
  <\/div><\/p>\n
<\/template><\/p>\n
<style><\/p>\n
.handwriting-board {<\/p>\n
  \/* \u6837\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u786e\u4fddcanvas\u5143\u7d20\u586b\u5145\u7236\u5bb9\u5668 *\/<\/p>\n
  width: 100%;<\/p>\n
  height: 100%;<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/style><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316Canvas<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684setup<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Vue3\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684onMounted<\/code>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u94a9\u5b50\u6765\u521d\u59cb\u5316canvas\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<script><\/p>\n
import { ref, onMounted } from 'vue';<\/p>\n
export default {<\/p>\n
  setup() {<\/p>\n
    const handwritingCanvas = ref(null);<\/p>\n
    onMounted(() => {<\/p>\n
      const canvas = handwritingCanvas.value;<\/p>\n
      \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6ecanvas\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/p>\n
      canvas.width = window.innerWidth;<\/p>\n
      canvas.height = window.innerHeight;<\/p>\n
      \/\/ \u83b7\u53d62D\u7ed8\u56fe\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n
      const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');<\/p>\n
      ctx.strokeStyle = '#000000'; \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u753b\u7b14\u989c\u8272<\/p>\n
      ctx.lineWidth = 2; \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u753b\u7b14\u7c97\u7ec6<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
    return { handwritingCanvas };<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
<\/script><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b83\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u624b\u6307\u89e6\u6478\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728canvas\u4e0a\u7ed8\u56fe\u3002\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53catouchstart<\/code>\u3001touchmove<\/code>\u548ctouchend<\/code>\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u89e6\u6478\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c\u4e0e\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06\u89e6\u6478\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230canvas\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<script><\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
function handleTouchStart(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u9632\u6b62\u5c4f\u5e55\u6eda\u52a8<\/p>\n
  event.preventDefault();<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5b9e\u73b0\u7ed8\u5236\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function handleTouchMove(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u9632\u6b62\u5c4f\u5e55\u6eda\u52a8<\/p>\n
  event.preventDefault();<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5b9e\u73b0\u7ed8\u5236\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function handleTouchEnd(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5b9e\u73b0\u7ed8\u5236\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
export default {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
  setup() {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
    onMounted(() => {<\/p>\n
      \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
      \/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u76d1\u542c<\/p>\n
      canvas.addEventListener('touchstart', handleTouchStart);<\/p>\n
      canvas.addEventListener('touchmove', handleTouchMove);<\/p>\n
      canvas.addEventListener('touchend', handleTouchEnd);<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
    return {<\/p>\n
      handwritingCanvas<\/p>\n
      \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
    };<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
};<\/p>\n
<\/script><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u7ed8\u5236\u8def\u5f84\u903b\u8f91\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u89e6\u6478\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6309\u7167\u624b\u6307\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u7ed8\u5236\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
let lastTouch = null;<\/p>\n
function drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528ctx\u7ed8\u5236\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function handleTouchStart(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
  const touch = event.touches[0];<\/p>\n
  lastTouch = { x: touch.clientX, y: touch.clientY };<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5f00\u59cb\u65b0\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u7ed8\u5236<\/p>\n
  ctx.beginPath();<\/p>\n
  ctx.moveTo(lastTouch.x, lastTouch.y);<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function handleTouchMove(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
  const touch = event.touches[0];<\/p>\n
  const currentTouch = { x: touch.clientX, y: touch.clientY };<\/p>\n
  drawLine(lastTouch.x, lastTouch.y, currentTouch.x, currentTouch.y);<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u89e6\u6478\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n
  lastTouch = currentTouch;<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function handleTouchEnd(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u7ed3\u675f\u8def\u5f84\u7ed8\u5236<\/p>\n
  ctx.closePath();<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u624b\u5199\u677f\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u624b\u5199\u677f\u66f4\u52a0\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u64a4\u9500\u3001\u91cd\u505a\u3001\u4fdd\u5b58\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u624b\u5199\u677f\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
const paths = []; \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u7528\u4e8e\u64a4\u9500\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n
let redoStack = []; \/\/ \u7528\u4e8e\u91cd\u505a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5806\u6808<\/p>\n
function undo() {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u64a4\u9500\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
  if (paths.length > 0) {<\/p>\n
    redoStack.push(paths.pop());<\/p>\n
    redrawCanvas();<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function redo() {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u91cd\u505a\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
  if (redoStack.length > 0) {<\/p>\n
    paths.push(redoStack.pop());<\/p>\n
    redrawCanvas();<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function save() {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
  const dataURL = handwritingCanvas.value.toDataURL('image\/png');<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u5c06dataURL\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
function redrawCanvas() {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u6e05\u9664canvas\u5e76\u91cd\u7ed8\u6240\u6709\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n
  ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);<\/p>\n
  paths.forEach(path => {<\/p>\n
    path.forEach((point, index) => {<\/p>\n
      if (index === 0) {<\/p>\n
        ctx.moveTo(point.x, point.y);<\/p>\n
      } else {<\/p>\n
        drawLine(paths[index - 1].x, paths[index - 1].y, point.x, point.y);<\/p>\n
      }<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
  });<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u89e6\u6478\u9002\u914d\u53ca\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u624b\u5199\u677f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u914d\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u9002\u914d\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9488\u5bf9\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u786e\u4fddcanvas\u7684\u89e6\u6478\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5e76\u4f18\u5316\u7ed8\u56fe\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
function handleTouchMove(event) {<\/p>\n
  \/\/ ...<\/p>\n
  \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7requestAnimationFrame\u4f18\u5316\u7ed8\u5236\u6027\u80fd<\/p>\n
  if (!isDrawing) {<\/p>\n
    requestAnimationFrame(() => {<\/p>\n
      drawLine(lastTouch.x, lastTouch.y, currentTouch.x, currentTouch.y);<\/p>\n
      lastTouch = currentTouch;<\/p>\n
      isDrawing = false;<\/p>\n
    });<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cVue3\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u624b\u5199\u677f\u5e94\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u7684\u624b\u5199\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u7545\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u624b\u5199\u677f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u6ee1\u8db3\u73b0\u4ee3\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Vue3 \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528 canvas \u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u624b\u5199\u677f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u4e3a\u4e86\u5728 Vue3 \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u624b\u5199\u677f\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165 canvas \u5143\u7d20\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 <canvas><\/code> \u6807\u7b7e\u6216\u8005\u52a8\u6001\u521b\u5efa canvas \u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728 Vue3 \u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684 mounted<\/code> \u94a9\u5b50\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u5230 canvas \u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5176\u5bbd\u9ad8\u7b49\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6837\u5f0f\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e canvas \u7684\u5bbd\u9ad8\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 window.devicePixelRatio<\/code> \u83b7\u53d6\u9ad8\u6e05\u5c4f\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u50cf\u7d20\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Vue3 \u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u76d1\u542c touchstart<\/code>\u3001touchmove<\/code> \u548c touchend<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u624b\u6307\u5728 canvas \u4e0a\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    \u5728 touchstart<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u624b\u6307\u6309\u4e0b\u65f6\u7684\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u8c03\u7528 canvas \u7684 beginPath<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u8def\u5f84\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5728 touchmove<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u624b\u6307\u7684\u79fb\u52a8\u8f68\u8ff9\u8c03\u7528 canvas \u7684 lineTo<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed8\u5236\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728 touchend<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u8c03\u7528 canvas \u7684 stroke<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u8def\u5f84\u7ed8\u5236\u5230\u753b\u5e03\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  5. \n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u542c\u624b\u5199\u677f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7ed8\u5236\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 context.lineWidth<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ebf\u5bbd\uff0ccontext.strokeStyle<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ebf\u6761\u989c\u8272\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728 Vue3 \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6e05\u9664\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u4fdd\u5b58\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Vue3 \u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a data \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5982 handwritingContent<\/code>\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u624b\u5199\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u5728\u624b\u5199\u677f\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7ed8\u5236\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u542c touchend<\/code> \u4e8b\u4ef6\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u6700\u540e\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 canvas.toDataURL<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06 canvas \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a base64 \u7f16\u7801\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fe\u7247\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230 handwritingContent<\/code> \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u591a\u5f20\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 push<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u56fe\u7247\u6570\u636e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    4. \n
      \u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u6e05\u9664\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Vue3 \u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 clearHandwriting<\/code>\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u6e05\u9664\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    5. \n
      \u5728 clearHandwriting<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u7a7a handwritingContent<\/code> \u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u56fe\u7247\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u5982\u4f55\u5728 Vue3 \u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u64a4\u9500\u529f\u80fd\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u624b\u5199\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u64a4\u9500\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Vue3 \u7ec4\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 undoHandwriting<\/code>\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u70b9\u51fb\u64a4\u9500\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
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      3. \n
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      4. \n
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      5. \n
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