{"id":293400,"date":"2024-05-20T14:43:01","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:43:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/293400.html"},"modified":"2024-05-20T14:43:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:43:08","slug":"java-%e5%bc%82%e5%b8%b8%e6%8a%9b%e5%87%ba%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/293400.html","title":{"rendered":"Java \u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/27140245\/9acda0b8-b420-4d4a-8bb2-e989a4cbe5b7.webp\" alt=\"Java \u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d41\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u8fbe\u7ed9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<strong>\u6838\u5fc3\u89c2\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u4f7f\u7528<code>throw<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u4e2d\u7684<code>throws<\/code>\u58f0\u660e\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>throw<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u5230<code>throw<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u505c\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u90fd\u662f<code>Throwable<\/code>\u7c7b\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a<code>Error<\/code>\u548c<code>Exception<\/code>\u4e24\u79cd\u4e3b\u8981\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f<code>Exception<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u521b\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>new Exception(&quot;\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f&quot;)<\/code>\u5c06\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u6307\u5b9a\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012<\/strong>\uff1a\u6784\u9020\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u63cf\u8ff0\u5f02\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684<code>getMessage()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528<code>THROW<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u65e6\u6709\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>throw<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u629b\u51fa\u5b83\u3002<code>throw<\/code>\u540e\u9762\u7d27\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c<code>throw<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u610f\u5473\u7740\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u544a\u77e5Java\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b64\u5904\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>throw new IllegalArgumentException(&quot;\u975e\u6cd5\u53c2\u6570&quot;)<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>throw<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e00\u65e6\u6267\u884c\u4e86<code>throw<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5c06\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u5f02\u5e38\u88ab\u6355\u83b7\uff0c\u5219\u6355\u83b7\u5b83\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u6267\u884c\uff1b\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u4e0a\u629b\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u9047\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6216\u8fbe\u5230\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u6808\u7684\u9876\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u4e2d\u7684<code>THROWS<\/code>\u58f0\u660e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>throws<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6765\u58f0\u660e\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u58f0\u660e\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5411\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u4f20\u8fbe\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa<code>IOException<\/code>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<code>public void readFile(String path) throws IOException { ... }<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5f3a\u5236\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u901a\u8fc7<code>try-catch<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u6355\u83b7\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b7e\u540d\u4e2d\u7ee7\u7eed\u58f0\u660e\u629b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Java\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f<code>Exception<\/code>\u7c7b\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ef\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff09\u6216<code>RuntimeException<\/code>\u7c7b\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u975e\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff09\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/strong>\uff1a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u629b\u51fa\u548c\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c<code>public class MyException extends Exception { public MyException(String message) { super(message); } }<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\uff1a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u629b\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u7ed3\u8bba<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>Java\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u673a\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\u7684\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u80fd\u4f7f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5065\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001<code>throw<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001<code>throws<\/code>\u58f0\u660e\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8Java\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><strong>1. \u5982\u4f55\u5728 Java \u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 try-catch \u5757\u6765\u6355\u6349\u5f02\u5e38\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 throws \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u58f0\u660e\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\u4ea4\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u5e76\u629b\u51fa\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5728 Java \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f Exception \u7c7b\u6216 RuntimeException \u7c7b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u3002\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u629b\u51fa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 throw \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u5417\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u521b\u5efa\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u989d\u5916\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6216\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u5730\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u7406\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u51cf\u5c11\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u629b\u51fa\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f02\u5e38\u629b\u51fa\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6d41\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u7ec8 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":293410,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293400"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=293400"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/293400\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/293410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=293400"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=293400"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=293400"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}