{"id":299278,"date":"2024-05-20T17:13:38","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T09:13:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/299278.html"},"modified":"2024-05-20T17:13:51","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T09:13:51","slug":"oracle-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e5%8d%95%e7%8b%ac%e7%9a%84-sql-%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/299278.html","title":{"rendered":"oracle \u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u5355\u72ec\u7684 SQL \u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"oracle<\/p>\n

\u5728Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u57fa\u672c\u800c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u8fc1\u79fb\u6216\u5206\u4eab\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u751f\u6210\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de5\u5177(Data Pump Export)\u3001SQL*Plus\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u7279\u522b\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de5\u5177 (Data Pump Export)<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u5bfc\u51fa\u5de5\u5177(Data Pump Export)\u662fOracle\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bfc\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\uff08dmp\uff09\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3aSQL\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u652f\u6301\u8bb8\u591a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u8868\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ea7\u5bfc\u51fa\/\u5bfc\u5165\u3001\u5e76\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u6267\u884c\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u6216\u5907\u4efd\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u6743\u9650\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u5bfc\u51fa\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u62e5\u6709DBA\u89d2\u8272\u6216\u8005\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u8fde\u63a5\u5230Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528expdp\u547d\u4ee4\u5f00\u59cb\u5bfc\u51fa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9a\u5236\u5bfc\u51fa\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982schemas\u3001tables\u3001include\u3001exclude\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \u8981\u751f\u6210SQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528SQLFILE\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5c06DDL\uff08\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u4e49\u8bed\u8a00\uff09\u8bed\u53e5\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u521b\u5efa.dmp\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u6216\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684DDL\u8bed\u53e5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    expdp username\/password DIRECTORY=your_directory DUMPFILE=data.dmp SQLFILE=your_sqlfile.sql<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\uff0cDIRECTORY<\/code>\u662f\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u7684Oracle\u76ee\u5f55\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002DUMPFILE<\/code>\u662f\u5bfc\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cSQLFILE<\/code>\u662f\u8981\u751f\u6210\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SQL*Plus<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    SQL*Plus\u662fOracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u548c\u6279\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210SQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u5bfc\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61DDL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u4f7f\u7528SQL*Plus\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6eSPOOL<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u6267\u884c\u9700\u8981\u5bfc\u51faDDL\u7684SQL\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u8868\u3001\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u7b49\uff09\u7684DDL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    4. \n
      \u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528SPOOL OFF<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      SPOOL your_sqlfile.sql<\/p>\n
      SELECT DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL('TABLE', 'YOUR_TABLE_NAME', 'YOUR_SCHEMA_NAME') FROM DUAL;<\/p>\n
      SPOOL OFF;<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u60f3\u8981\u5bfc\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684DDL\u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
      \u9664\u4e86Oracle\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5982Toad\u3001PL\/SQL Developer\u3001\u548cDBeaver\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bfc\u51faSQL\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4f7f\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u8fde\u63a5\u5230Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u6839\u636e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u5bfc\u51fa\u6216\u751f\u6210DDL\u7684\u9009\u9879\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5982\u8868\u3001\u89c6\u56fe\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        \u9009\u62e9\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3aSQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u63d0\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u751f\u6210\u6240\u9700\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
        \u751f\u6210\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u51fa\u4e8e\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u5ba1\u67e5\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u6216\u8fc1\u79fb\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002Oracle\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u4f60\u662f\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u5982Data Pump Export\u548cSQL*Plus\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u66f4\u559c\u6b22\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u6765\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u5e94\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5173\u952e\u5728\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5bf9\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        1. \u5982\u4f55\u5c06Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u5bfc\u51faOracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u5230\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Oracle\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6cf5\u5de5\u5177\uff08Data Pump\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528expdp\u547d\u4ee4\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528TABLES\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u8868\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528DUMPFILE\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u751f\u6210\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884cexpdp\u547d\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\u5c06\u8868\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
        2. \u5982\u4f55\u5c06Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
        \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u5bfc\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Oracle\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528sqlplus\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aSELECT\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u8981\u5bfc\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528SPOOL\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528COMMIT\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1\u5e76\u5173\u95edSQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u5c06\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
        3. \u5982\u4f55\u5c06Oracle\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u5355\u72ec\u7684SQL\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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