{"id":299406,"date":"2024-05-20T17:16:41","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T09:16:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/299406.html"},"modified":"2024-05-20T17:17:01","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T09:17:01","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-nestjs-%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91-node-%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/299406.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 NestJS \u5f00\u53d1 Node \u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

NestJS \u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684 Node.js \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 NestJS \u5f00\u53d1 Node \u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3001\u7136\u540e\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u63a5\u7740\u7f16\u5199\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u6700\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong>\u3002NestJS \u4f7f\u7528 TypeScript \u7f16\u5199\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165<\/strong>\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002NestJS \u8fd8\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5982HTTP\u6a21\u5757\u3001WebSocket\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528 NestJS\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 Node.js \u73af\u5883\u3002Node.js \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u548c\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684 JavaScript \u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5b89\u88c5 Node.js \u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 npm\uff08Node.js \u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff09\u5b89\u88c5 Nest CLI\uff08\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406 NestJS \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 Nest CLI\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

npm i -g @nestjs\/cli<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 CLI \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c nest new project-name<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 project-name<\/code> \u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u540d\u79f0\u3002CLI \u5c06\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4e3a\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a my-nest-app<\/code> \u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
nest new my-nest-app<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784\u3002NestJS \u9879\u76ee\u62e5\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
\u5728 NestJS \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5728\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005<\/strong>\uff08Providers\uff09\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/strong>\uff08Controllers\uff09\u4e2d\u3002\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5904\u7406\u5916\u90e8\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>: \u5728NestJS\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5e94\u7528\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u88c5\u9970\u6709 @Module()<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u6a21\u5757\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a7\u5236\u5668<\/strong>: \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u542b\u6709\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u59d4\u6258\u7ed9\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 @Controller()<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u8def\u7531\u6765\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1<\/strong>: \u670d\u52a1\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u5b83\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u90e8\u5206\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 @Injectable()<\/code> \u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u90e8\u5206\u6ce8\u5165\u548c\u590d\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u597d\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u903b\u8f91\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72<\/p>\n
\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c NestJS \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Jest \u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u79c0\u7684 JavaScript \u6d4b\u8bd5\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u81f3\u4e8e\u90e8\u7f72\uff0cNestJS \u5e94\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u591a\u79cd\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 VM\u3001Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u3001\u6216\u8005\u662f\u65e0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u529f\u80fd\u5373\u670d\u52a1\u5e73\u53f0\uff08\u5982 AWS Lambda\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee5 Docker \u90e8\u7f72\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aDockerfile\u548cdocker-compose.yml\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u4f60\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5bb9\u5668\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u81f3\u6b64\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 NestJS \u5f00\u53d1 Node \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8d2f\u7a7f\u4ece\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u95ee\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528NestJS\u5f00\u53d1Node\u5e94\u7528\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f18\u52bf\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u7b54\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528NestJS\u5f00\u53d1Node\u5e94\u7528\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0cNestJS\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u548c\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5176\u6b21\uff0cNestJS\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u548c\u5143\u6570\u636e\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u8def\u7531\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u6613\u8bfb\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0cNestJS\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u7ba1\u9053\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95ee\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684NestJS\u9879\u76ee\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u7b54\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684NestJS\u9879\u76ee\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Node.js\u548cnpm\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5168\u5c40\u5b89\u88c5NestJS CLI\u5de5\u5177\uff1a<\/p>\n
npm install -g @nestjs\/cli\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684NestJS\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4f60\u60f3\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n
nest new project-name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cproject-name<\/code>\u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7ed9\u9879\u76ee\u8d77\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0cNestJS CLI\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u4f60\u5b89\u88c5\u597d\u6240\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n
\u95ee\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u7b54\uff1a\u5728NestJS\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u627e\u5230src\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u5165mAI<\/a>n\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u5165app\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u4e2acontroller\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u6240\u6709\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982cats.controller.ts<\/code>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528@Controller()<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5c06\u5176\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528@Get()<\/code>\u3001@Post()<\/code>\u7b49\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u7684HTTP\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n
import { Controller, Get } from '@nestjs\/common';\n\n@Controller('cats')\nexport class CatsController {\n  @Get()\n  findAllCats(): string {\n    return 'This action returns all cats';\n  }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aCatsController<\/code>\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aGET\u8def\u7531\/cats<\/code>\uff0c\u5f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u8be5\u8def\u7531\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32'This action returns all cats'\u3002<\/p>\n
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