{"id":301368,"date":"2024-05-20T18:06:27","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:06:27","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-05-20T18:06:45","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T10:06:45","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-r-%e4%b8%ad%e6%9b%b4%e6%94%b9%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e6%a1%86%e7%9a%84%e5%88%97%e5%90%8d%e5%92%8c%e8%a1%8c%e5%90%8d","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/301368.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728<\/p>\n

\u5728R\u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u662f\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570 colnames()<\/code> \u548c rownames()<\/code> \u6765\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d<\/strong>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cnames()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e5f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u800crow.names()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u540d\u3002\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0cdplyr<\/code>\u5305\u4e2d\u7684rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u76f4\u89c2\u3001\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u6301\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6574\u6d01\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u80fd\u591f\u51cf\u5c11\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u589e\u5f3a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u4e60\u60ef\u5c06\u6781\u5927\u5730\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728R\u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 colnames() \u548c names() \u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528colnames()<\/code>\u6216names()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u6846<\/p>\n
df <- data.frame(x = 1:3, y = 4:6)<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 colnames() \u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
colnames(df) <- c("\u65b0\u5217\u540d1", "\u65b0\u5217\u540d2")<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 names() \u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
names(df) <- c("\u65b0\u5217\u540d1", "\u65b0\u5217\u540d2")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5df2\u77e5\u6240\u6709\u65b0\u5217\u540d\u3001\u4e14\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u65e7\u5217\u540d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 dplyr \u5305\u7684 rename() \u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
dplyr<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\u7684R\u5305\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8f7d\u5165 dplyr \u5305<\/p>\n
library(dplyr)<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 rename() \u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df <- df %>% rename(\u65b0\u5217\u540d1 = x, \u65b0\u5217\u540d2 = y)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u4e00\u76ee\u4e86\u7136\u5730\u770b\u51fa\u65b0\u65e7\u5217\u540d\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5728\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u6539\u6240\u6709\u5217\u540d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u66f4\u6539\u884c\u540d<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 rownames() \u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u540d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528rownames()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u65e2\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u884c\u540d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u7684\u884c\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u884c\u540d<\/p>\n
rownames(df) <- c("\u884c\u540d1", "\u884c\u540d2", "\u884c\u540d3")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u884c\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u884c\u540d\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u6570\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 dplyr \u5305\u7684 rownames_to_column() \u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u73b0\u6709\u884c\u540d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u884c\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5217\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff0cdplyr<\/code>\u5305\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86rownames_to_column()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5c06\u884c\u540d\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u65b0\u5217<\/p>\n
df <- rownames_to_column(df, var = "\u65b0\u884c\u540d\u5217")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u884c\u540d\u5305\u542b\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u547d\u540d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u4f7f\u7528R\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u65f6\uff0c\u719f\u7ec3\u638c\u63e1\u5404\u79cd\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
    \u786e\u4fdd\u65b0\u5217\u540d\u6216\u884c\u540d\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u90fd\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u6709\u91cd\u590d\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u5217\u540d\u6216\u884c\u540d\u4f1a\u5728\u6267\u884c\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u5728\u4f7f\u7528dplyr<\/code>\u7684rename()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u8bc4\u4f30\uff08non-standard evaluation, NSE\uff09\u8bed\u6cd5<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u4e3a\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u66f4\u6539\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u987a\u5229\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u8981\u5728 R \u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 names()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5217\u540d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u4fee\u6539\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u540d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 names()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5217\u540d\u8d4b\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u6846\ndata <- data.frame(A = 1:5, B = c("Apple", "Banana", "Cherry", "Durian", "Elderberry"))\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5217\u540d\nold_names <- names(data)\n\n# \u4fee\u6539\u5217\u540d\nnew_names <- c("Column1", "Column2")\nnames(data) <- new_names\n\n# \u6253\u5370\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5217\u540d\nprint(names(data))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u540d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u8981\u5728 R \u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 rownames()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u884c\u540d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u4fee\u6539\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u540d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 rownames()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u884c\u540d\u8d4b\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u884c\u540d\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u6846\ndata <- data.frame(A = 1:5, B = c("Apple", "Banana", "Cherry", "Durian", "Elderberry"))\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u884c\u540d\nold_names <- rownames(data)\n\n# \u4fee\u6539\u884c\u540d\nnew_names <- c("Row1", "Row2", "Row3", "Row4", "Row5")\nrownames(data) <- new_names\n\n# \u6253\u5370\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u884c\u540d\nprint(rownames(data))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728 R \u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u8981\u5728 R \u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528 names()<\/code> \u548c rownames()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5206\u522b\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u8bed\u53e5\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528 names()<\/code> \u548c rownames()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u8d4b\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
    # \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6570\u636e\u6846\ndata <- data.frame(A = 1:5, B = c("Apple", "Banana", "Cherry", "Durian", "Elderberry"))\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\nold_names <- names(data)\nold_row_names <- rownames(data)\n\n# \u4fee\u6539\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\nnew_names <- c("Column1", "Column2")\nnew_row_names <- c("Row1", "Row2", "Row3", "Row4", "Row5")\nnames(data) <- new_names\nrownames(data) <- new_row_names\n\n# \u6253\u5370\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\nprint(names(data))\nprint(rownames(data))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728R\u4e2d\u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u5217\u540d\u548c\u884c\u540d\u662f\u6570\u636e\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u800c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u5907 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":301394,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301368"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=301368"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/301368\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/301394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=301368"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=301368"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=301368"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}